Galectin-3, a rising star in modulating microglia activation under conditions of neurodegeneration

The advent of high-throughput single-cell transcriptomic analysis of microglia has revealed different phenotypes that are inherently associated with disease conditions. A common feature of some of these activated phenotypes is the upregulation of galectin-3. Representative examples of these phenotyp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell death & disease 2022-07, Vol.13 (7), p.628-11, Article 628
Main Authors: García-Revilla, Juan, Boza-Serrano, Antonio, Espinosa-Oliva, Ana M., Soto, Manuel Sarmiento, Deierborg, Tomas, Ruiz, Rocío, de Pablos, Rocío M., Burguillos, Miguel Angel, Venero, Jose L.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Alzheimer Disease - genetics
Alzheimer's disease
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Antibodies
Basic Medicine
Binding sites
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cell Biology
Cell Culture
Galectin 3 - genetics
Galectin-3
Gene expression
Genotype & phenotype
Glycoproteins
Humans
Huntingtons disease
Immunology
Life Sciences
Medical and Health Sciences
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Medicinska och farmaceutiska grundvetenskaper
Microglia
Movement disorders
Multiple sclerosis
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuroprotection
Neurosciences
Neurotoxicity
Neurovetenskaper
Parkinson Disease
Parkinson's disease
Pattern recognition receptors
Phenotypes
Proteins
Review
Review Article
TLR4 protein
Toll-like receptors
Transcriptomics
Traumatic brain injury
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Summary:The advent of high-throughput single-cell transcriptomic analysis of microglia has revealed different phenotypes that are inherently associated with disease conditions. A common feature of some of these activated phenotypes is the upregulation of galectin-3. Representative examples of these phenotypes include disease-associated microglia (DAM) and white-associated microglia (WAM), whose role(s) in neuroprotection/neurotoxicity is a matter of high interest in the microglia community. In this review, we summarise the main findings that demonstrate the ability of galectin-3 to interact with key pattern recognition receptors, including, among others, TLR4 and TREM2 and the importance of galectin-3 in the regulation of microglia activation. Finally, we discuss increasing evidence supporting the involvement of this lectin in the main neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, and stroke.
ISSN:2041-4889
2041-4889
DOI:10.1038/s41419-022-05058-3