Radiation Detector Front-End Readout Chip with Nonbinary Successive Approximation Register Analog-to-Digital Converter for Wearable Healthcare Monitoring Applications

• Published in: Micromachines (Basel) 2024-01, Vol.15 (1), p.143
• Main Authors: Kuo, Hsuan-Lun, Chen, Shih-Lun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analog to digital converters; Approximation; bioelectronics; Circuits; Detectors; Digital signal processors; Figure of merit; Health care; healthcare monitoring; Internet of Things; Mathematical analysis; Monitoring; nonbinary SAR ADC; Power consumption; radiation detector; Radiation detectors; Sampling; Technology application; wearable sensors; Wearable technology
• ISSN: 2072-666X; 2072-666X
• DOI: 10.3390/mi15010143

A 16-channel front-end readout chip for a radiation detector is designed for portable or wearable healthcare monitoring applications. The proposed chip reads the signal of the radiation detector and converts it into digital serial-out data by using a nonbinary successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that has a 1-MS/s sampling rate and 10-b resolution. The minimum-to-maximum differential and integral nonlinearity are measured as -0.32 to 0.33 and -0.43 to 0.37 least significant bits, respectively. The signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio and effective number of bits are 57.41 dB and 9.24 bits, respectively, for an input frequency of 500 kHz and a sampling rate of 1 MS/s. The SAR ADC has a 38.9-fJ/conversion step figure of merit at the sampling rate of 1 MS/s. The proposed chip can read input signals with peak currents ranging from 20 to 750 μA and convert the analog signal into a 10-bit serial-output digital signal. The input dynamic range is 2-75 pC. The resolution of the peak current is 208.3 nA. The chip, which has an area of 1.444 mm × 10.568 mm, is implemented using CMOS 0.18-μm 1P6M technology, and the power consumption of each channel is 19 mW. This design is suitable for wearable devices, especially biomedical devices.