Analytical Evaluation of Carbamate and Organophosphate Pesticides in Human and Environmental Matrices: A Review

Pesticides are synthetic compounds that may become environmental contaminants through their use and application. The high productivity achieved in the agricultural industry can be credited to the use and application of pesticides by way of pest and insect control. As much as pesticides have a positi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-01, Vol.27 (3), p.618
Main Authors: Mdeni, Nonkululeko Landy, Adeniji, Abiodun Olagoke, Okoh, Anthony Ifeanyi, Okoh, Omobola Oluranti
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Analytical methods
Bioaccumulation
bioavailability
Carbamate pesticides
carbamates
Carbamates (tradename)
Carbamates - analysis
Chemicals
Chlorophenol
Contaminants
Environmental Exposure - analysis
Environmental Monitoring - methods
Humans
Insect control
Insecticides
Laboratories
Nontarget organisms
Organochlorine compounds
Organophosphates
Organophosphorus Compounds - analysis
Organophosphorus pesticides
Pest control
Pesticides
Pesticides - analysis
Pyrethroids
Review
Sediments
Solvents
Surface water
toxicity
Wood preservatives
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Summary:Pesticides are synthetic compounds that may become environmental contaminants through their use and application. The high productivity achieved in the agricultural industry can be credited to the use and application of pesticides by way of pest and insect control. As much as pesticides have a positive impact on the agricultural industry, some disadvantages come with their application in the environment because they are intentionally toxic, and this is more towards non-target organisms. They are grouped into chlorophenols, organochlorines, synthetic pyrethroid, carbamates, and organophosphorus based on their structure. The symptoms of exposure to carbamate (CM) and organophosphates (OP) are similar, although poisoning from CM is of a shorter duration. The analytical evaluation of carbamate and organophosphate pesticides in human and environmental matrices are reviewed using suitable extraction and analytical methods.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules27030618