Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA) Enhances HIV-1 Accumulation and Release in Primary Cervical Epithelial Cells by Inhibiting Lysosomal Activity

Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is one of the most widely used contraceptives in the world. Epidemiologic studies have uncovered a possible link between the use of MPA and an increased risk of HIV-1 transmission. However, the understanding of the mechanism is still limited. Our previous publicatio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pathogens (Basel) 2021-09, Vol.10 (9), p.1192
Main Authors: Jia, Xiangxu, Shao, Qiujia, Chaudhry, Ahsen R, Kinlock, Ballington L, Izban, Michael G, Zhang, Hong-Ying, Villalta, Fernando, Hildreth, James E K, Liu, Bindong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accumulation
Acetic acid
Contraceptives
Disease transmission
Epidemiology
Epithelial cells
Epithelium
Flow cytometry
HIV
HIV-1
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infections
lysosome activity
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
Menstruation
MPA
Proteins
Reduction
transmission
Transplants & implants
Vagina
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Summary:Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is one of the most widely used contraceptives in the world. Epidemiologic studies have uncovered a possible link between the use of MPA and an increased risk of HIV-1 transmission. However, the understanding of the mechanism is still limited. Our previous publication demonstrated that the lysosomal activity in human vaginal epithelial cells attenuated the trafficking of viral particles during HIV-1 transcytosis. In this study, we show that treating human primary cervical epithelial cells with MPA led to a reduction in lysosomal activity. This reduction caused an increase in the intracellular HIV-1 accumulation and, consequently, an increase in viral release. Our study uncovers a novel mechanism by which MPA enhances HIV-1 release in primary cervical epithelial cells, thus providing vital information for HIV intervention and prevention.
ISSN:2076-0817
2076-0817
DOI:10.3390/pathogens10091192