Non-Coding RNAs: New Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of focal epilepsy; it is considered a network disorder associated with structural changes. Incomplete knowledge of the pathological changes in TLE complicates a therapeutic approach; indeed, 30 to 50% of patients with TLE are refractory to drug tr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-03, Vol.23 (6), p.3063
Main Authors: Manna, Ida, Fortunato, Francesco, De Benedittis, Selene, Sammarra, Ilaria, Bertoli, Gloria, Labate, Angelo, Gambardella, Antonio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Animals
Apoptosis
biomarker
Biomarkers
Biomarkers - metabolism
circular RNA
Coding
Convulsions & seizures
Epigenetics
Epilepsy
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - drug therapy
Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe - genetics
Gene expression
Genomes
Humans
long non-coding RNA
microRNA
MicroRNAs
MicroRNAs - genetics
MicroRNAs - metabolism
miRNA
Molecular modelling
Non-coding RNA
non-coding RNAs
Pathogenesis
Patients
Physiology
Review
RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics
RNA, Untranslated - genetics
RNA, Untranslated - metabolism
Synaptic plasticity
Temporal lobe
therapeutic target
Therapeutic targets
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Summary:Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of focal epilepsy; it is considered a network disorder associated with structural changes. Incomplete knowledge of the pathological changes in TLE complicates a therapeutic approach; indeed, 30 to 50% of patients with TLE are refractory to drug treatment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), acting as epigenetic factors, participate in the regulation of the pathophysiological processes of epilepsy and are dysregulated during epileptogenesis. Abnormal expression of ncRNA is observed in patients with epilepsy and in animal models of epilepsy. Furthermore, ncRNAs could also be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of treatment response in epilepsy. In summary, ncRNAs can represent important mechanisms and targets for the modulation of brain excitability and can provide information on pathomechanisms, biomarkers and novel therapies for epilepsy. In this review, we summarize the latest research advances concerning mainly molecular mechanisms, regulated by ncRNA, such as synaptic plasticity, inflammation and apoptosis, already associated with the pathogenesis of TLE. Moreover, we discuss the role of ncRNAs, such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs, in the pathophysiology of epilepsy, highlighting their use as potential biomarkers for future therapeutic approaches.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23063063