Individual Traits and Pain Treatment: The Case of Hypnotizability

• Published in: Frontiers in neuroscience 2021-06, Vol.15, p.683045-683045
• Main Authors: Santarcangelo, Enrica Laura, Carli, Giancarlo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analgesia; autonomic; Cannabinoids; cognitive pain control; Dopamine; Fatty-acid amide hydrolase; Hydrolase; hypnotic susceptibility; imagery; Inflammation; Narcotics; Neuroscience; Occlusion; Opioids; Oxytocin; Pain; Pain perception; Placebos; Polymorphism; Population; suggestions; Surgery
• ISSN: 1662-453X; 1662-4548; 1662-453X
• DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.683045

[...]suggestions may induce non opioid analgesia in highs, opioid placebo responses in lows and, probably, mixed reactions in mediums. [...]a. highs display the variant of OPMR1 receptors (A118G, rs1799971) characterized by low sensitivity to opiates, high consumption of opioids for post-surgery and cancer pain and low placebo responsiveness more frequently than lows, with mediums displaying intermediate frequencies (Santarcangelo and Consoli, 2018). [...]opioid treatments are not the most appropriate in highs. b. the Fatty-Acids- Amino-Hydrolase (FAAH) C385A polymorphism (rs324420) responsible for endocannabinoids (eCBs) degradation is not significantly different between hypnotizability groups but the polymorphism frequencies indicate a trend to higher degradation efficiency from lows to highs (Presciuttini et al., 2020). [...]a contribution of the FAAH polymorphism to the highs' ability to control pain by suggestions for analgesia should not be excluded. c. oxytocin (OXT), which modulates the sensory and emotional components of pain (Poisbeau et al., 2018), can contribute to the highs' suggestions induced analgesia through activation of the endogenous opioid system and by regulating the eCBs production (Russo et al., 2012). According to post-occlusion flow mediated dilation (FMD), the endothelial NO release at peripheral level is reduced in lows and in the general population, but not in highs (Jambrik et al., 2004a,b; Jambrik et al., 2005).