Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Sleep Condition Indicator: A Clinical Screening Instrument Based on the DSM-5 Criteria for Insomnia

• Published in: Nature and science of sleep 2024-02, Vol.16, p.63-74
• Main Authors: Uygur, Hilal, Ahmed, Oli, Uygur, Omer Faruk, Miller, Christopher B, Hursitoglu, Onur, Bahar, Aynur, Demiroz, Dudu, Drake, Christopher L
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Insomnia; insomnia screening; Original Research; questionnaire; reliability; sleep condition indicator; validity
• ISSN: 1179-1608; 1179-1608
• DOI: 10.2147/NSS.S433656

We aimed to adapt the Turkish Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI) version and examine its psychometric properties among the general population. This study was a cross-sectional study. The item-total correlation, standard error of measurement, Cronbach's α, and McDonald's ω were used for internal consistency. We ran confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and network analysis to confirm the factor structure. Multigroup CFA was run to assess the measurement invariance across gender, whether clinical insomnia or not, and poor sleep quality. We correlated SCI scores with Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores to evaluate construct validity. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to calculate the cut-off score of the SCI. The temporal stability was examined with the intraclass correlation coefficient. Eight hundred thirty-four participants attended. Over half of the participants were women (63.2% n = 527); the mean age was 36.15 ± 9.64. Confirmatory factor and network analysis results show that the two-factor correlated model had a good model fit for the SCI. The SCI had scalar level invariance across gender, having clinical insomnia and poor sleep quality in the Multigroup CFA. ROC curve analysis shows that the SCI has good sensitivity (90.3%) and specificity (91.8%) for cut-off ≤ 15. The intraclass correlation coefficient computed between the first and second SCI total scores was significant (r=0.80 with a 95% confidence interval from 0.78 to 0.87; p < 0.001). The Turkish SCI is a practical self-reported insomnia scale with good psychometric properties that can be used to screen for insomnia disorder.