The Effect of Tomatine on Gene Expression and Cell Monolayer Integrity in Caco-2

More understanding of the risk-benefit effect of the glycoalkaloid tomatine is required to be able to estimate the role it might play in our diet. In this work, we focused on effects towards intestinal epithelial cells based on a Caco-2 model in order to analyze the influence on the cell monolayer i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2018-03, Vol.23 (3), p.644
Main Authors: Arena, Mattia P, Govers, Coen, Lotti, Concetta, Ricciardi, Luigi, Wichers, Harry J, Mes, Jurriaan J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Bioavailability
Biocompatibility
Biological activity
Biosynthesis
Caco-2 Cells
Cell cycle
Cell Cycle - drug effects
Cell Proliferation - drug effects
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cholesterol
Consumer Science & Health
Cytokines
Epithelial cells
Epithelial Cells - cytology
Epithelial Cells - drug effects
FBR Consumer Science & Health
Food matrix
Food, Health & Consumer Research
Gene expression
Gene Expression Profiling - methods
Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects
Gene Regulatory Networks - drug effects
Glucose metabolism
glycoalkaloid
gut
Humans
immune system
Interleukin 1
Interleukin 8
Intestine
Intestines - cytology
Intestines - drug effects
Lipid metabolism
Lipid Metabolism - drug effects
Metabolism
Models, Biological
Molecular Structure
Monolayers
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
qPCR
Receptors, LDL - genetics
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin
Tight junctions
Tight Junctions - genetics
Tomatine
Tomatine - chemistry
Tomatine - pharmacology
Tomatoes
Toxicity
Tumor necrosis factor-α
Viability
VLAG
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Summary:More understanding of the risk-benefit effect of the glycoalkaloid tomatine is required to be able to estimate the role it might play in our diet. In this work, we focused on effects towards intestinal epithelial cells based on a Caco-2 model in order to analyze the influence on the cell monolayer integrity and on the expression levels of genes involved in cholesterol/sterol biosynthesis (LDLR), lipid metabolism (NR2F2), glucose and amino acid uptake (SGLT1, PAT1), cell cycle (PCNA, CDKN1A), apoptosis (CASP-3, BMF, KLF6), tight junctions (CLDN4, OCLN2) and cytokine-mediated signaling (IL-8, IL1β, TSLP, TNF-α). Furthermore, since the bioactivity of the compound might vary in the presence of a food matrix and following digestion, the influence of both pure tomatine and in vitro digested tomatine with and without tomato fruit matrix was studied. The obtained results suggested that concentrations
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules23030644