The Comprehensive Roles of ATRANORIN, A Secondary Metabolite from the Antarctic Lichen Stereocaulon caespitosum , in HCC Tumorigenesis

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly genetic diseases, but surprisingly chemotherapeutic approaches against HCC are only limited to a few targets. In particular, considering the difficulty of a chemotherapeutic drug development in terms of cost and time enforces searching for sur...

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Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2019-04, Vol.24 (7), p.1414
Main Authors: Jeon, Young-Jun, Kim, Sanghee, Kim, Ji Hee, Youn, Ui Joung, Suh, Sung-Suk
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
atranorin
Cell cycle
Cell death
Cell growth
Cell proliferation
Drug development
Hepatocellular carcinoma
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), lichen
Iodides
Kinases
Lichens
Liver cancer
Metabolites
Metastases
Mutation
Necrosis
Propidium iodide
Tumorigenesis
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Summary:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly genetic diseases, but surprisingly chemotherapeutic approaches against HCC are only limited to a few targets. In particular, considering the difficulty of a chemotherapeutic drug development in terms of cost and time enforces searching for surrogates to minimize effort and maximize efficiency in anti-cancer therapy. In spite of the report that approximately one thousand lichen-derived metabolites have been isolated, the knowledge about their functions and consequences in cancer development is relatively limited. Moreover, one of the major second metabolites from lichens, Atranorin has never been studied in HCC. Regarding this, we comprehensively analyze the effect of Atranorin by employing representative HCC cell lines and experimental approaches. Cell proliferation and cell cycle analysis using the compound consistently show the inhibitory effects of Atranorin. Moreover, cell death determination using Annexin-V and (Propidium Iodide) PI staining suggests that it induces cell death through necrosis. Lastly, the metastatic potential of HCC cell lines is significantly inhibited by the drug. Taken these together, we claim a novel functional finding that Atranorin comprehensively suppresses HCC tumorigenesis and metastatic potential, which could provide an important basis for anti-cancer therapeutics.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules24071414