An exclusion mechanism is epistatic to an internal detoxification mechanism in aluminum resistance in Arabidopsis

In Arabidopsis, the aluminum (Al) exclusion mechanism is mainly facilitated by ALMT1-mediated malate exudation and MATE-mediated citrate releases from the root. Recently, we have demonstrated that coordinated functioning between an ALMT1-mediated Al exclusion mechanism, via exudation of malate from...

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Published in:BMC plant biology 2020-03, Vol.20 (1), p.122-122, Article 122
Main Authors: Wang, Yuqi, Yu, Wancong, Cao, Yu, Cai, Yanfei, Lyi, Sangbom M, Wu, Weiwei, Kang, Yan, Liang, Cuiyue, Liu, Jiping
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
ALMT1
Aluminum
Aluminum (Nutrient)
Arabidopsis
Botanical research
Chemical properties
Detoxification
Epistasis
Gene loci
Genetic aspects
Kinases
Malate
Metabolic conjugation
NIP1
2
Organic acid
Physiological aspects
Plant hardiness
Resistance mechanism
Toxicity
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Summary:In Arabidopsis, the aluminum (Al) exclusion mechanism is mainly facilitated by ALMT1-mediated malate exudation and MATE-mediated citrate releases from the root. Recently, we have demonstrated that coordinated functioning between an ALMT1-mediated Al exclusion mechanism, via exudation of malate from the root tip, and a NIP1;2-facilitated internal detoxification mechanism, via removal of Al from the root cell wall and subsequent root-to-shoot Al translocation, plays critical roles in achieving overall Al resistance. However, the genetic relationship between ALMT1 and NIP1;2 in these processes remained unclear. Through genetic and physiological analyses, we demonstrate that unlike ALMT1 and MATE, which function independently and additively, ALMT1 and NIP1;2 show an epistatic relationship in Al resistance. These results indicate that ALMT1 and NIP1;2 function in the same biochemical pathway, whereas ALMT1 and MATE in different ones. The establishment of the epistatic relationship and the coordinated functioning between the ALMT1 and NIP1;2-mediated exclusion and internal detoxification mechanisms are pivotal for achieving overall Al resistance in the non-accumulating Arabidopsis plant. We discuss and emphasize the indispensable roles of the root cell wall for the implementation of the Al exclusion mechanism and for the establishment of an epistatic relationship between the ALMT1-mediated exclusion mechanism and the NIP1;2-facilitated internal detoxification mechanism.
ISSN:1471-2229
1471-2229
DOI:10.1186/s12870-020-02338-y