Establishment of orthotopic osteosarcoma animal models in immunocompetent rats through muti-rounds of in-vivo selection

• Published in: BMC cancer 2024-06, Vol.24 (1), p.703-11
• Main Authors: Yao, Mengyu, Lei, Zehua, Peng, Feng, Wang, Donghui, Li, Mei, Zhong, Guoqing, Shao, Hongwei, Zhou, Jielong, Du, Chang, Zhang, Yu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acclimatization; Animal experimentation; Animal model; Animal models; Animals; Bone cancer; Bone marrow; Bone marrow transplantation; Bone Neoplasms - immunology; Bone Neoplasms - pathology; Bones; Cell line; Cell Line, Tumor; Computed tomography; Cyclosporine; Cyclosporins; Development and progression; Disease Models, Animal; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Femur; Femur - diagnostic imaging; Femur - pathology; Genetic engineering; Humans; Hydrogels; Immune system; Immunocompetence; Immunodeficiency; Iodine; Laboratory animals; Male; Medical prognosis; Metastases; Metastasis; Methods; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Orthotopic transplantation; Osteolysis; Osteosarcoma; Osteosarcoma - immunology; Osteosarcoma - pathology; Penicillin; Rabbits; Radius; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sarcoma; Testing; Transplantation; Tumor cells; Tumorigenesis; Tumors; X-Ray Microtomography
• ISSN: 1471-2407; 1471-2407
• DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12361-z

Immunodeficient murine models are usually used as the preclinical models of osteosarcoma. Such models do not effectively simulate the process of tumorigenesis and metastasis. Establishing a suitable animal model for understanding the mechanism of osteosarcoma and the clinical translation is indispensable. The UMR-106 cell suspension was injected into the marrow cavity of Balb/C nude mice. Tumor masses were harvested from nude mice and sectioned. The tumor fragments were transplanted into the marrow cavities of SD rats immunosuppressed with cyclosporine A. Through muti-rounds selection in SD rats, we constructed orthotopic osteosarcoma animal models using rats with intact immune systems. The primary tumor cells were cultured in-vitro to obtain the immune-tolerant cell line. VX2 tumor fragments were transplanted into the distal femur and parosteal radius of New Zealand white rabbit to construct orthotopic osteosarcoma animal models in rabbits. The rate of tumor formation in SD rats (P1 generation) was 30%. After four rounds of selection and six rounds of acclimatization in SD rats with intact immune systems, we obtained immune-tolerant cell lines and established the orthotopic osteosarcoma model of the distal femur in SD rats. Micro-CT images confirmed tumor-driven osteolysis and the bone destruction process. Moreover, the orthotopic model was also established in New Zealand white rabbits by implanting VX2 tumor fragments into rabbit radii and femurs. We constructed orthotopic osteosarcoma animal models in rats with intact immune systems through muti-rounds in-vivo selection and the rabbit osteosarcoma model.