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Liquid crystalline systems containing Vitamin E TPGS for the controlled transdermal nicotine delivery
ABSTRACT Transdermal nicotine patches have been used in smoking cessation therapy, suggested for the treatment of skin disorders with eosinophilic infiltration and have been found to improve attention performance in patients with Alzheimer's disease and age-associated memory impairment. However...
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Published in: | Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016-01, Vol.52 (1), p.191-200 |
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Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | ABSTRACT Transdermal nicotine patches have been used in smoking cessation therapy, suggested for the treatment of skin disorders with eosinophilic infiltration and have been found to improve attention performance in patients with Alzheimer's disease and age-associated memory impairment. However, skin irritation with extended patch use is still a problem. The aim of this work was to develop a simple to prepare liquid crystalline system containing vitamin E TPGS that would be able to control nicotine delivery and reduce irritation and sensitization problems. The liquid crystalline phases were macroscopically characterized by visual analysis and examined microscopically under a polarized light microscope. Topical and transdermal delivery of nicotine were investigated in vitro using porcine ear skin mounted on a Franz diffusion cell. Nicotine skin permeation from the developed cubic phase followed zero-order kinetics (r = 0.993) and was significantly enhanced after 12 h when compared to the control formulation (nicotine solution) (p < 0.05) (138.86 ± 20.44 and 64.91 ± 4.06 μg/cm2, respectively). Cubic phase was also able to target viable skin layers in comparison to control solution (8.18 ± 1.89 and 2.63 ± 2.51 μg/cm2, respectively). Further studies to evaluate skin sensitization and irritation are now necessary.
RESUMO Adesivos transdérmicos de nicotina são utilizados para cessação de fumar, tratamento de problemas de pele com infiltração de eosinófilos e para melhorar a atenção em pacientes com doença de Alzheimer e enfraquecimento da memória associada à idade. No entanto, a irritação da pele com o uso prolongado dos adesivos ainda é um problema. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver sistema líquido cristalino (SLC) de preparo simples contendo vitamina E TPGS capaz de controlar a liberação de nicotina e reduzir os problemas de irritação cutânea. Os SLCs foram caracterizados por análise visual e microscopia de luz polarizada. As administrações tópica e transdérmica de nicotina foram investigadas in vitro utilizando pele de orelha de porco em célula de difusão de Franz. A permeação da nicotina veiculada pela fase cúbica desenvolvida seguiu cinética de ordem zero (r = 0,993) e foi significativamente maior do que o controle (solução de nicotina) após 12 h (p < 0,05) (138,86 ± 20,44 e 64,91 ± 4,06 µg/cm2, respectivamente). A fase cúbica também promoveu aumento da penetração de nicotina nas camadas viáveis da pele quando comparado ao controle (8,18 ± 1,89 e 2, |
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ISSN: | 1984-8250 2175-9790 1984-8250 2175-9790 |
DOI: | 10.1590/S1984-82502016000100021 |