Biomimetic Cardiac Tissue Models for In Vitro Arrhythmia Studies

Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Many arrhythmias are caused by reentry, a phenomenon where excitation waves circulate in the heart. Optical mapping techniques have revealed the role of reentry in arrhythmia initiation and fibrillation transition, but the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-10, Vol.8 (6), p.487
Main Authors: Aitova, Aleria, Berezhnoy, Andrey, Tsvelaya, Valeriya, Gusev, Oleg, Lyundup, Alexey, Efimov, Anton E, Agapov, Igor, Agladze, Konstantin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Arrhythmia
arrhythmias
Biomimetics
Cardiac arrhythmia
cardiac tissue
Cardiology
cardiomyocytes
Cardiovascular diseases
excitation wave
Genetic engineering
Heart
ion currents
ips cells
Physiology
Propagation
Review
Reviews
Structure-function relationships
Tissue engineering
Wave propagation
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Summary:Cardiac arrhythmias are a major cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Many arrhythmias are caused by reentry, a phenomenon where excitation waves circulate in the heart. Optical mapping techniques have revealed the role of reentry in arrhythmia initiation and fibrillation transition, but the underlying biophysical mechanisms are still difficult to investigate in intact hearts. Tissue engineering models of cardiac tissue can mimic the structure and function of native cardiac tissue and enable interactive observation of reentry formation and wave propagation. This review will present various approaches to constructing cardiac tissue models for reentry studies, using the authors' work as examples. The review will highlight the evolution of tissue engineering designs based on different substrates, cell types, and structural parameters. A new approach using polymer materials and cellular reprogramming to create biomimetic cardiac tissues will be introduced. The review will also show how computational modeling of cardiac tissue can complement experimental data and how such models can be applied in the biomimetics of cardiac tissue.
ISSN:2313-7673
2313-7673
DOI:10.3390/biomimetics8060487