Spin-textures of medium-body boson systems with trapped spin-f cold atoms

• Published in: Scientific reports 2022-09, Vol.12 (1), p.15357-15357, Article 15357
• Main Authors: He, Y. Z., Bao, C. G., Li, Z. B.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 639/766/119/2791; 639/766/483/1139; 639/766/483/640; Atoms & subatomic particles; Humanities and Social Sciences; multidisciplinary; Science; Science (multidisciplinary)
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19184-7

The spin-textures of bound medium-body systems with spin- f atoms ( f ≥ 3 ) have been studied. The Hamiltonian is assumed to be dominated by the two-body interaction favoring parallel spins. The system with particle number N = 8 and f = 3 is first chosen, and the Hamiltonian is exactly diagonalized by using Fock-states as basis-states, thereby all the eigenenergies and eigenstates are obtained and a detailed analysis is made. Then the cases with N = 13 and f = 4 are further studied. Since the total spin S is conserved, the eigenstates having the same S form an S -group. Let the lowest (highest) energy state of an S -group be called a bottom-state (top-state). We found that all the bottom-states are bipartite product states with constituent states describing fully polarized subsystems containing N 1 and N 2 ( ≤ N 1 ) particles, respectively. For two bottom-states different in N 2 , the one with a larger N 2 is higher. For two having the same N 2 , the one with a smaller S is higher. Whereas all the top-states are found to be essentially a product state of the pairs, in each pair the two spins are coupled to λ if the strength of the λ -channel is more repulsive than the others. For the states belonging to an S -group, the higher one would contain more pieces. As the energy goes up, larger pieces (those containing more than two particles) will disappear.