Subclinical tuberculosis among adults with HIV: clinical features and outcomes in a South African cohort

Subclinical tuberculosis is an asymptomatic disease phase with important relevance to persons living with HIV. We describe the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk of mortality for HIV-infected adults with subclinical tuberculosis. Untreated adults with HIV presenting for outpatient care i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC infectious diseases 2019-01, Vol.19 (1), p.14-14, Article 14
Main Authors: Bajema, Kristina L, Bassett, Ingrid V, Coleman, Sharon M, Ross, Douglas, Freedberg, Kenneth A, Wald, Anna, Drain, Paul K
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adults
AIDS
AIDS-related opportunistic infections
Ambulatory care
Analysis
Antiretroviral drugs
Bacilli
CD4 antigen
Cell culture
Clinical trials
Confidence intervals
Diagnosis
Disease progression
Health aspects
Health risks
HIV
HIV patients
Human immunodeficiency virus
Immunosuppression
Immunotherapy
Infectious diseases
Medical tests
Mortality
Opportunistic infections
Patients
Risk factors
Sexually transmitted diseases
Smear
Sputum
Statistical analysis
STD
Subclinical infections
Survival
Tuberculosis
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Summary:Subclinical tuberculosis is an asymptomatic disease phase with important relevance to persons living with HIV. We describe the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and risk of mortality for HIV-infected adults with subclinical tuberculosis. Untreated adults with HIV presenting for outpatient care in Durban, South Africa were screened for tuberculosis-related symptoms and had sputum tested by acid-fast bacilli smear and tuberculosis culture. Active tuberculosis and subclinical tuberculosis were defined as having any tuberculosis symptom or no tuberculosis symptoms with culture-positive sputum. We evaluated the association between tuberculosis disease category and 12-month survival using Cox regression, adjusting for age, sex, and CD4 count. Among 654 participants, 96 were diagnosed with active tuberculosis disease and 28 with subclinical disease. The median CD4 count was 68 (interquartile range 39-161) cells/mm in patients with active tuberculosis, 136 (72-312) cells/mm in patients with subclinical disease, and 249 (125-394) cells/mm in those without tuberculosis disease (P 
ISSN:1471-2334
1471-2334
DOI:10.1186/s12879-018-3614-7