Mitochondrial dysfunction and liver disease: role, relevance, and potential for therapeutic modulation

Mitochondria are key organelles involved in energy production as well as numerous metabolic processes. There is a growing interest in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of common chronic diseases as well as in cancer development. This review will examine the role mitochondria...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology 2021, Vol.14, p.17562848211031394-17562848211031394
Main Authors: Middleton, Paul, Vergis, Nikhil
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chronic illnesses
Gastroenterology
Liver cancer
Liver diseases
Pathophysiology
Reactive oxygen species
Review
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Summary:Mitochondria are key organelles involved in energy production as well as numerous metabolic processes. There is a growing interest in the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of common chronic diseases as well as in cancer development. This review will examine the role mitochondria play in the pathophysiology of common liver diseases, including alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma. Mitochondrial dysfunction is described widely in the literature in studies examining patient tissue and in disease models. Despite significant differences in pathophysiology between chronic liver diseases, common mitochondrial defects are described, including increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and impaired oxidative phosphorylation. We review the current literature on mitochondrial-targeted therapies, which have the potential to open new therapeutic avenues in the management of patients with chronic liver disease.
ISSN:1756-2848
1756-283X
1756-2848
DOI:10.1177/17562848211031394