Chronic kidney disease in a giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca): a case report

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in captive wildlife species. However, CKD has been rarely documented in giant pandas. Case presentation The following report describes a case of an eight-year-old female giant panda showing clinical signs of epistax...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMC veterinary research 2023-08, Vol.19 (1), p.1-131, Article 131
Main Authors: Chang, Lingling, Wang, Xiangyang L, Yu, Chenfei, Liu, Chen-Hsuan, Zhang, Qiang, Wu, Yaping, Jia, Ruoyi, Ma, Qingyi, Pan, Guanglin, Tong, Dewen, Wang, Xinglong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Anemia
Animals
Anorexia
Atrophy
Blood
Blood pressure
Blood vessels
Calcification
Case Report
Case reports
Chronic kidney disease
Chronic kidney failure
Complications and side effects
Congestive heart failure
Diarrhea
Diseases
Edema
Electrolytes
Epistaxis
Fibrosis
Giant panda
Growth
Heart
Heart diseases
Heart failure
Hematuria
Hemorrhage
Hypertension
Hypocalcemia
Kidney diseases
Liver
Measurement
Metabolism
Morbidity
Mortality
Myocarditis
Necropsy
Nephritis
Pandas
Paraffin
Polyuria
Prevention
Risk factors
Small intestine
Spleen
Uremia
Urinalysis
Vomiting
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in captive wildlife species. However, CKD has been rarely documented in giant pandas. Case presentation The following report describes a case of an eight-year-old female giant panda showing clinical signs of epistaxis, bloody diarrhea, polyuria, azotemia and anemia. The animal died despite of supportive treatments. Necropsy was performed. Grossly, both kidneys were shrunken and scarred with pallor. Subcutis edema and petechia on the epicardium of the heart were observed. The tissue samples were made into paraffin sections and stained by H.E and special staining including Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS), von Kossa, Masson's trichrome, Phosphotungstic acid-hematoxylin (PTAH), and Congo red. Histopathology examination revealed severe chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis with marked interstitial fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy and calcification in kidneys, and acute necrotizing hemorrhagic myocarditis with calcification in heart. Other lesions included intestinal hemorrhage, hepatic fatty degeneration and necrosis with hemosiderin, and splenic hemosiderin. Conclusions In summary, chronic kidney disease was finally diagnosed based on the association of clinical, gross, and histopathological findings. Heart failure secondary to CKD is the leading cause of death in this giant panda. The potential cause of CKD in this animal is possibly due to long term and uncontrolled hypertension. Blood pressure monitoring is essential in establishing the diagnosis and management of hypertension in giant panda. Keywords: Giant panda, Chronic kidney disease, Heart failure, Hypertension
ISSN:1746-6148
1746-6148
DOI:10.1186/s12917-023-03663-8