Dietary quality index and the risk of breast cancer: a case-control study

Background Diet quality is a significant determinant in the etiology of breast cancer (BrCa), but further studies are required to explore this relationship. Therefore, we tried to assess if diet quality, assessed using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), was related to BrCa among the Irani...

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Published in:BMC women's health 2023-09, Vol.23 (1), p.1-469, Article 469
Main Authors: Pourhabibi-Zarandi, Fatemeh, Kahrizsangi, Masoud Amini, Eskandarzadeh, Sevda, Mansouri, Fatemeh, Vali, Mohebat, Jalali, Saba, Heidari, Zeinab, Shateri, Zainab, Nouri, Mehran, Rashidkhani, Bahram
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abortion
Body mass index
Breast cancer
Breast neoplasms
Calories
Cancer
Carbohydrates
Diet
Diet quality index
Diet quality index-international
Disease
Family medical history
Fatty acids
Food
Food habits
Health aspects
Hormone replacement therapy
Iranian
Legumes
Mortality
Nutrition research
Oils & fats
Oncology, Experimental
Questionnaires
Risk factors
Variance analysis
Womens health
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Summary:Background Diet quality is a significant determinant in the etiology of breast cancer (BrCa), but further studies are required to explore this relationship. Therefore, we tried to assess if diet quality, assessed using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), was related to BrCa among the Iranian population. Methods In the present case-control research, 134 women with a recent diagnosis of BrCa and 267 without BrCa were selected as case and control groups. Individual food intake data from a food frequency questionnaire was used to compute DQI-I. Also, the multivariable logistic regression models were utilized to evaluate the association between DQI-I and BrCa odds . Results We found a significant association between the last tertile of DQI-I and BrCa odds in the fully adjusted model (odds ratio (OR) = 0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15-0.56). The subgroup analysis based on menopausal status also showed a significant decrease in BrCa odds in pre-and post-menopausal women (pre-menopausal: OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.10-0.70 - post-menopausal status: OR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.13-0.92). Conclusions Our findings indicated that a higher DQI-I score was related to a lower chance of BrCa. According to our research, a healthy diet pattern is crucial for BrCa prevention. Keywords: Diet quality index, Diet quality index-international, Breast cancer, Breast neoplasms, Iranian
ISSN:1472-6874
1472-6874
DOI:10.1186/s12905-023-02588-6