Timing of Medium-Chain Triglyceride Consumption Modulates Effects in Mice with Obesity Induced by a High-Fat High-Sucrose Diet

• Published in: Nutrients 2022-12, Vol.14 (23), p.5096
• Main Author: Abe, Tomoki
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adipose tissue; Adipose Tissue, White - metabolism; AKT protein; Animals; Arteriosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Body fat; Body weight; Cardiovascular diseases; circadian rhythm; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism; Diet; Diet therapy; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Dietary supplements; Fatty acids; Gene expression; Glucose; Glucose - metabolism; Glucose tolerance; Glycerol; Health aspects; High fat diet; hormone-sensitive lipase; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertrophy; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Kinases; Lipid metabolism; Lipids; lipolysis; medium chain triglyceride; Metabolism; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; mRNA; Muscles; Musculoskeletal system; Obesity; Obesity - etiology; Obesity - metabolism; Phosphorylation; Polymerase chain reaction; Protein kinase A; Proteins; Sucrose; Sucrose - metabolism; Sucrose - pharmacology; Triglycerides; Triglycerides - metabolism; Weight control
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu14235096

The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, and obesity can cause type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Intake of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) containing medium-chain fatty acids reduces body fat and insulin resistance in rodents and humans. This study aimed to determine how the timing of MCT consumption affects obesity and metabolic dysfunction induced in mice by a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHSD). Mice received an HFHSD with or without MCT (M-HFHSD) during either the active or rest phase for 9 weeks. Significant reduction in body weight, white adipose tissue (WAT) weight, and adipocyte size in epididymal WAT (eWAT) and improved insulin sensitivity in mice fed with M-HFHSD during the active but not the rest phase were observed. The consumption of M-HFHSD during both active and rest phases increased glucose tolerance. Phosphorylated Akt was more abundant in the gastrocnemius muscles and eWAT of M-HFHSD-fed mice than in those fed HFHSD during the active phase. The mRNA and protein expression of lipogenic genes increased in the eWAT of mice fed M-HFHSD compared with those fed HFHSD. Feeding with M-HFHSD during the active phase significantly increased the abundance of phosphorylated Ser563 and 660 of hormone-sensitive lipase and its upstream protein kinase A in eWAT. These results indicated that the timing of consumption modulates the effects of MCT on eWAT hypertrophy and glucose and lipid metabolism in mice.