Probiotic Potential of the Marine Isolate Enterococcus faecium EA9 and In Vivo Evaluation of Its Antisepsis Action in Rats

• Published in: Marine drugs 2023-01, Vol.21 (1), p.45
• Main Authors: Zaghloul, Eman H, Abuohashish, Hatem M, El Sharkawy, Amany S, Abbas, Eman M, Ahmed, Mohammed M, Al-Rejaie, Salim S
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AKT protein; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibacterial activity; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; Aquatic habitats; Bacteria; Bile; Biomarkers; Cecum; Chronic fatigue syndrome; Drug resistance; Enterococcus faecium; Enzymes; Evaluation; Gene expression; Gram-positive bacteria; Haemolysis; IL-1β; In vivo methods and tests; Inflammation; Inflammation - drug therapy; Inflammation - metabolism; Interleukin 10; Kidneys; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Liver; marine; Microorganisms; Nitric-oxide synthase; Nucleotide sequence; Oxidative stress; Pathogenic bacteria; PCR; Peroxidation; probiotic; Probiotics; Probiotics - pharmacology; Rats; Salts; Sepsis; Shellfish; Sodium chloride; Stat3 protein; Survival; TOR protein
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md21010045

This study aims to obtain a novel probiotic strain adapted to marine habitats and to assess its antisepsis properties using a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model in rodents. The marine EA9 was isolated from marine shrimp samples and evaluated for probiotic potential after phenotypical and molecular identification. In septic animals, hepatic and renal tissues were histologically and biochemically evaluated for inflammation and oxidative stress following the probiotic treatment. Moreover, gene expressions of multiple signaling cascades were determined using RT-PCR. EA9 was identified and genotyped as with a 99.88% identity. EA9 did not exhibit any signs of hemolysis and survived at low pH and elevated concentrations of bile salts. Moreover, EA9 isolate had antibacterial activity against different pathogenic bacteria and could thrive in 6.5% NaCl. Septic animals treated with EA9 had improved liver and kidney functions, lower inflammatory and lipid peroxidation biomarkers, and enhanced antioxidant enzymes. The CLP-induced necrotic histological changes and altered gene expressions of IL-10, IL-1β, INF-γ, COX-2, SOD-1, SOD-2, HO-1, AKT, mTOR, iNOS, and STAT-3 were abolished by the EA9 probiotic in septic animals. The isolate EA9 represents a promising marine probiotic. The in vivo antisepsis testing of EA9 highlighted its potential and effective therapeutic approach.