The Adipokines in Cancer Cachexia

Cachexia is a devastating pathology induced by several kinds of diseases, including cancer. The hallmark of cancer cachexia is an extended weight loss mainly due to skeletal muscle wasting and fat storage depletion from adipose tissue. The latter exerts key functions for the health of the whole orga...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2020-07, Vol.21 (14), p.4860
Main Authors: Mannelli, Michele, Gamberi, Tania, Magherini, Francesca, Fiaschi, Tania
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes
adipokines
Adipokines - metabolism
Adiponectin
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Adipose Tissue - pathology
Animals
Cachexia
Cachexia - metabolism
Cachexia - pathology
Cancer
cancer cachexia
Cardiovascular diseases
Depletion
Diabetes mellitus
Energy
Enzymes
Fatty acids
Gene expression
Glucagon
Glucose
Glycerol
Homeostasis
Humans
Insulin
Kinases
Leptin
Lipids
Metabolic disorders
Metabolic syndrome
Metabolism
Mitochondria
Muscles
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplasms - pathology
Pathology
Proteins
Review
Secretion
Skeletal muscle
Transcription factors
Triglycerides
Weight loss
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Summary:Cachexia is a devastating pathology induced by several kinds of diseases, including cancer. The hallmark of cancer cachexia is an extended weight loss mainly due to skeletal muscle wasting and fat storage depletion from adipose tissue. The latter exerts key functions for the health of the whole organism, also through the secretion of several adipokines. These hormones induce a plethora of effects in target tissues, ranging from metabolic to differentiating ones. Conversely, the decrease of the circulating level of several adipokines positively correlates with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. A lot of findings suggest that cancer cachexia is associated with changed secretion of adipokines by adipose tissue. In agreement, cachectic patients show often altered circulating levels of adipokines. This review reported the findings of adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, and visfatin) in cancer cachexia, highlighting that to study in-depth the involvement of these hormones in this pathology could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms21144860