The Effect of S-Allyl L-Cysteine on Retinal Ischemia: The Contributions of MCP-1 and PKM2 in the Underlying Medicinal Properties

Retinal ischemia plays a vital role in vision-threatening retinal ischemic disorders, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, etc. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of S-allyl L-cysteine (SAC) and its associated therapeutic mechanism. Oxidative st...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-01, Vol.25 (2), p.1349
Main Authors: Chao, Windsor Wen-Jin, Chao, Howard Wen-Haur, Lee, Hung-Fu, Chao, Hsiao-Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use
Biomarkers
Cell death
Cysteine
Cysteine - pharmacology
Cysteine - therapeutic use
Glaucoma
Glaucoma - drug therapy
hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen Peroxide - therapeutic use
Ischemia
Ischemia - drug therapy
Kinases
Macular degeneration
Microscopy
monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology
Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use
Oxidative stress
Proteins
pyruvate kinase M2
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Reperfusion Injury - drug therapy
Retina
Retinal Diseases - drug therapy
retinal ganglion cell
retinal pigment epithelium
S-allyl L-cysteine
Steroids
Thiols
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:Retinal ischemia plays a vital role in vision-threatening retinal ischemic disorders, such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, etc. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of S-allyl L-cysteine (SAC) and its associated therapeutic mechanism. Oxidative stress was induced by administration of 500 μM H O for 24 h; SAC demonstrated a dose-dependent neuroprotective effect with significant cell viability effects at 100 μM, and it concurrently downregulated angiogenesis factor PKM2 and inflammatory biomarker MCP-1. In a Wistar rat model of high intraocular pressure (HIOP)-induced retinal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), post-administration of 100 μM SAC counteracted the ischemic-associated reduction of ERG b-wave amplitude and fluorogold-labeled RGC reduction. This study supports that SAC could protect against retinal ischemia through its anti-oxidative, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms25021349