The Potential of Lactobacillus spp. for Modulating Oxidative Stress in the Gastrointestinal Tract

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is crucial for food digestion and nutrient absorption in humans. However, the GI tract is usually challenged with oxidative stress that can be induced by various factors, such as exogenous pathogenic microorganisms and dietary alterations. As a part of gut microbiota,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antioxidants 2020-07, Vol.9 (7), p.610
Main Authors: Kong, Yanzhuo, Olejar, Kenneth J., On, Stephen L. W., Chelikani, Venkata
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Cell adhesion & migration
Cytochrome
Diabetes
Diet
Dietary fiber
Enzymes
GA-binding protein
gastrointestinal (GI) tract
Gastrointestinal system
Gastrointestinal tract
Gene expression
Health aspects
inflammation
Intestinal microflora
Lactobacillus
Lactobacillus spp
Metabolic syndrome
Microbiota
NAD(P)H oxidase
NADPH-diaphorase
NF-κB protein
Oils & fats
Oxidative stress
Pathogenesis
Reactive oxygen species
Review
Signal transduction
Transcription factors
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Summary:The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is crucial for food digestion and nutrient absorption in humans. However, the GI tract is usually challenged with oxidative stress that can be induced by various factors, such as exogenous pathogenic microorganisms and dietary alterations. As a part of gut microbiota, Lactobacillus spp. play an important role in modulating oxidative stress in cells and tissues, especially in the GI tract. Oxidative stress is linked with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can be formed by a few enzymes, such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs). The redox mechanisms of Lactobacillus spp. may contribute to the downregulation of these ROS-forming enzymes. In addition, nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) are two common transcription factors, through which Lactobacillus spp. modulate oxidative stress as well. As oxidative stress is closely associated with inflammation and certain diseases, Lactobacillus spp. could potentially be applied for early treatment and amelioration of these diseases, either individually or together with prebiotics. However, further research is required for revealing their mechanisms of action as well as their extensive application in the future.
ISSN:2076-3921
2076-3921
DOI:10.3390/antiox9070610