Salmonella in Captive Reptiles and Their Environment—Can We Tame the Dragon?

Reptiles are considered a reservoir of a variety of Salmonella (S.) serovars. Nevertheless, due to a lack of large-scale research, the importance of Reptilia as a Salmonella vector still remains not completely recognized. A total of 731 samples collected from reptiles and their environment were test...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microorganisms (Basel) 2021-05, Vol.9 (5), p.1012
Main Authors: Zając, Magdalena, Skarżyńska, Magdalena, Lalak, Anna, Kwit, Renata, Śmiałowska-Węglińska, Aleksandra, Pasim, Paulina, Szulowski, Krzysztof, Wasyl, Dariusz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial resistance
Contamination
Drug resistance
Epidemiology
Exhibitions
Fairs & exhibitions
Feces
improved methodology
Investigations
Lizards
pet reptile
Public health
reptile exhibition
Reptiles
Reptilia
Salmonella
Snakes
Software
Turtles
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Summary:Reptiles are considered a reservoir of a variety of Salmonella (S.) serovars. Nevertheless, due to a lack of large-scale research, the importance of Reptilia as a Salmonella vector still remains not completely recognized. A total of 731 samples collected from reptiles and their environment were tested. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of Salmonella in exotic reptiles kept in Poland and to confirm Salmonella contamination of the environment after reptile exhibitions. The study included Salmonella isolation and identification, followed by epidemiological analysis of the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates. Implementation of a pathway additional to the standard Salmonella isolation protocol led to a 21% increase in the Salmonella serovars detection rate. The study showed a high occurrence of Salmonella, being the highest at 92.2% in snakes, followed by lizards (83.7%) and turtles (60.0%). The pathogen was also found in 81.2% of swabs taken from table and floor surfaces after reptile exhibitions and in two out of three egg samples. A total of 918 Salmonella strains belonging to 207 serovars and serological variants were obtained. We have noted the serovars considered important with respect to public health, i.e., S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Kentucky. The study proves that exotic reptiles in Poland are a relevant reservoir of Salmonella.
ISSN:2076-2607
2076-2607
DOI:10.3390/microorganisms9051012