Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function in children with HIV/AIDS attending a tertiary health Facility in Enugu, Nigeria: a Doppler echocardiographic study

Objective To determine the prevalence and factors associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children with HIV/AIDS. Method Echocardiographic studies were carried out in 90 children/adolescents aged 18 months to 14 years. with HIV/AIDS and a healthy control group of 90 age and gender...

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Published in:BMC pediatrics 2022-11, Vol.22 (1), p.1-652, Article 652
Main Authors: Arodiwe, Ijeoma O, Eke, Christopher B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Age
AIDS
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular diseases
Children
Complications and side effects
Demographic aspects
Diagnosis
Diastolic function
Drugs
Echocardiography
Evaluation
Heart failure
HIV
HIV infection in children
HIV/AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infections
Left ventricular function
Mortality
Pediatrics
Risk factors
Variables
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Summary:Objective To determine the prevalence and factors associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in children with HIV/AIDS. Method Echocardiographic studies were carried out in 90 children/adolescents aged 18 months to 14 years. with HIV/AIDS and a healthy control group of 90 age and gender matched. Results 47.8% of the HIV/AIDS patients (subjects) had LVDD. This was more pronounced in the AIDS group (100%). The E/A ratio was 1.9 [+ or -] 0.56 in the HIV group, 2.09 [+ or -] 0.04 in the AIDS group, and 1.20 [+ or -] 0.39 in the control group (p = 0.04). The mean Left ventricular isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was 79.4 [+ or -] 20.12 in the HIV group, 110.4 [+ or -] 10.12 in the AIDS group and 89.22 [+ or -] 25.76 in the control group. (p = 0.04). Deceleration time (DT) was also lower in HIV carrier group compared to AIDS group, p = 0.02. A restrictive filling pattern was the most described; with 27 (36.5%) in the HIV group, 16 (100.0%) in the AIDS group and 2 (2.2%) in the control group. (p = 0.02). The impaired relaxation pattern, 3 (4.0%) seen in the HIV group only. Positive correlation exists between body surface area (BSA) and LVDD. Body surface area and younger age were the significant predictors (BSA: r = 0.425, p = 0.038 in HIV and r = 0.827, p = 0.042) of LVDD in the AIDS group. Conclusion This study showed a high prevalence of LVDD in Nigerian children with HIV and AIDS. This justifies inclusion of echocardiographic studies in the policy care of children with HIV/AIDS in sub-Sahara Africa region. Keywords: Diastolic function, Children, HIV/AIDS, Echocardiography
ISSN:1471-2431
1471-2431
DOI:10.1186/s12887-022-03719-y