Constant Voltage Iontophoresis Technique to Deliver Terbinafine via Transungual Delivery System: Formulation Optimization Using Box–Behnken Design and In Vitro Evaluation

Topical therapy of antifungals is primarily restricted due to the low innate transport of drugs through the thick multi-layered keratinized nail plate. The objective of this investigation was to develop a gel formulation, and to optimize and evaluate the transungual delivery of terbinafine using the...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Pharmaceutics 2021-10, Vol.13 (10), p.1692
Main Authors: Nair, Anroop B., Al-Dhubiab, Bandar E., Shah, Jigar, Gorain, Bapi, Jacob, Shery, Attimarad, Mahesh, Sreeharsha, Nagaraja, Venugopala, Katharigatta N., Morsy, Mohamed A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antifungal agents
antifungal study
Box–Behnken model
Chromatography
Drug delivery systems
enhancer
Ethanol
Hydration
Keratin
low voltage iontophoresis
nail permeation
onychomycosis
Oral administration
Polyethylene glycol
Psoriasis
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Topical therapy of antifungals is primarily restricted due to the low innate transport of drugs through the thick multi-layered keratinized nail plate. The objective of this investigation was to develop a gel formulation, and to optimize and evaluate the transungual delivery of terbinafine using the constant voltage iontophoresis technique. Statistical analysis was performed using Box–Behnken design to optimize the transungual delivery of terbinafine by examining crucial variables namely concentration of polyethylene glycol, voltage, and duration of application (2–6 h). Optimization data in batches (F1–F17) demonstrated that chemical enhancer, applied voltage, and application time have influenced terbinafine nail delivery. Higher ex vivo permeation and drug accumulation into the nail tissue were noticed in the optimized batch (F8) when compared with other batches (F1–F17). A greater amount of terbinafine was released across the nails when the drug was accumulated by iontophoresis than the passive counterpart. A remarkably higher zone of inhibition was observed in nails with greater drug accumulation due to iontophoresis, as compared to the passive process. The results here demonstrate that the optimized formulation with low voltage iontophoresis could be a viable and alternative tool in the transungual delivery of terbinafine, which in turn could improve the success rate of topical nail therapy in onychomycosis.
ISSN:1999-4923
1999-4923
DOI:10.3390/pharmaceutics13101692