The Contribution of Genetic and Epigenetic Factors: An Emerging Concept in the Assessment and Prognosis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents heterogeneous and relapsing intestinal conditions with a severe impact on the quality of life of individuals and a continuously increasing prevalence. In recent years, the development of sequencing technology has provided new means of exploring the complex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-08, Vol.25 (15), p.8420
Main Authors: Minea, Horia, Singeap, Ana-Maria, Minea, Manuela, Juncu, Simona, Muzica, Cristina, Sfarti, Catalin Victor, Girleanu, Irina, Chiriac, Stefan, Miftode, Ioana Diandra, Stanciu, Carol, Trifan, Anca
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adalimumab
Analysis
Autophagy
Biomarkers
Canada
Crohn's disease
Development and progression
Diseases
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenetic inheritance
epigenomics
Epigenomics - methods
Genes
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genetic research
Genomics
Genomics - methods
Health risk assessment
Homeostasis
Humans
Inflammation
inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - genetics
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - metabolism
Microbiota
Mutation
Pathogenesis
Patients
Precision medicine
Prognosis
Romania
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Summary:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents heterogeneous and relapsing intestinal conditions with a severe impact on the quality of life of individuals and a continuously increasing prevalence. In recent years, the development of sequencing technology has provided new means of exploring the complex pathogenesis of IBD. An ideal solution is represented by the approach of precision medicine that investigates multiple cellular and molecular interactions, which are tools that perform a holistic, systematic, and impartial analysis of the genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and microbiomics sets. Hence, it has led to the orientation of current research towards the identification of new biomarkers that could be successfully used in the management of IBD patients. Multi-omics explores the dimension of variation in the characteristics of these diseases, offering the advantage of understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that affect intestinal homeostasis for a much better prediction of disease development and choice of treatment. This review focuses on the progress made in the field of prognostic and predictive biomarkers, highlighting the limitations, challenges, and also the opportunities associated with the application of genomics and epigenomics technologies in clinical practice.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms25158420