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IP6 is an HIV pocket factor that prevents capsid collapse and promotes DNA synthesis

The HIV capsid is semipermeable and covered in electropositive pores that are essential for viral DNA synthesis and infection. Here, we show that these pores bind the abundant cellular polyanion IP , transforming viral stability from minutes to hours and allowing newly synthesised DNA to accumulate...

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Published in:eLife 2018-05, Vol.7
Main Authors: Mallery, Donna L, Márquez, Chantal L, McEwan, William A, Dickson, Claire F, Jacques, David A, Anandapadamanaban, Madhanagopal, Bichel, Katsiaryna, Towers, Gregory J, Saiardi, Adolfo, Böcking, Till, James, Leo C
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c517t-a1d78a3f205ea3851b5f519e9c52c7b0682473b857a7efe0e3a41171be4b8fb23
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container_title eLife
container_volume 7
creator Mallery, Donna L
Márquez, Chantal L
McEwan, William A
Dickson, Claire F
Jacques, David A
Anandapadamanaban, Madhanagopal
Bichel, Katsiaryna
Towers, Gregory J
Saiardi, Adolfo
Böcking, Till
James, Leo C
description The HIV capsid is semipermeable and covered in electropositive pores that are essential for viral DNA synthesis and infection. Here, we show that these pores bind the abundant cellular polyanion IP , transforming viral stability from minutes to hours and allowing newly synthesised DNA to accumulate inside the capsid. An arginine ring within the pore coordinates IP , which strengthens capsid hexamers by almost 10°C. Single molecule measurements demonstrate that this renders native HIV capsids highly stable and protected from spontaneous collapse. Moreover, encapsidated reverse transcription assays reveal that, once stabilised by IP , the accumulation of new viral DNA inside the capsid increases >100 fold. Remarkably, isotopic labelling of inositol in virus-producing cells reveals that HIV selectively packages over 300 IP molecules per infectious virion. We propose that HIV recruits IP to regulate capsid stability and uncoating, analogous to picornavirus pocket factors. HIV-1/IP /capsid/co-factor/reverse transcription.
doi_str_mv 10.7554/eLife.35335
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subjects Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism
Arginine
Biology
capsid
Capsid - metabolism
Capsid - ultrastructure
Capsids
Data collection
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA biosynthesis
DNA, Viral - biosynthesis
HEK293 Cells
Hexamers
HIV
HIV-1 - metabolism
HIV-1 - ultrastructure
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infections
Inositol
IP6
Labeling
Laboratories
Medical research
Microbiology and Infectious Disease
Nucleotides - metabolism
Polyelectrolytes
Polymers - metabolism
Pores
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors - pharmacology
Reverse transcription
Reverse Transcription - drug effects
Reverse Transcription - genetics
Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics
Subtilisin - metabolism
Uncoating
University colleges
Virion - drug effects
Virion - metabolism
Virions
Virus Assembly - drug effects
title IP6 is an HIV pocket factor that prevents capsid collapse and promotes DNA synthesis
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