Neuropsychotoxicity of Abused Drugs: Potential of Dextromethorphan and Novel Neuroprotective Analogs of Dextromethorphan With Improved Safety Profiles in Terms of Abuse and Neuroprotective Effects

Drug abuse involving dextromethorphan, an antitussive, has been a social problem in various geographic locations since the 1960s. Ironically, high doses of the drug confer neuroprotective activity with central nervous system and behavioral effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that metabolism to p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 2008, Vol.106(1), pp.22-27
Main Authors: Shin, Eun-Joo, Lee, Phil Ho, Kim, Hyun Ji, Nabeshima, Toshitaka, Kim, Hyoung-Chun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-hydroxymorphinan
Animals
Antitussive Agents - adverse effects
Antitussive Agents - pharmacology
Behavior, Animal - drug effects
Brain Ischemia - drug therapy
Central Nervous System - drug effects
Dextromethorphan - adverse effects
Dextromethorphan - analogs & derivatives
Dextromethorphan - pharmacology
dextromethorphan and its analog
drugs of abuse
Humans
Neuroprotective Agents - adverse effects
Neuroprotective Agents - pharmacology
neuroprotective effect
Parkinson Disease - drug therapy
phencyclidine-like dextrorphan
Seizures - drug therapy
Structure-Activity Relationship
Substance-Related Disorders - prevention & control
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Summary:Drug abuse involving dextromethorphan, an antitussive, has been a social problem in various geographic locations since the 1960s. Ironically, high doses of the drug confer neuroprotective activity with central nervous system and behavioral effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that metabolism to phencyclidine-like dextrorphan is not essential for the neuroprotective activity of dextromethorphan. Here, we review the neuroprotective properties of dextromethorphan and its potential for abuse and the potential neuroprotective effects of the drug’s analogs and 3-hydroxymorphinan, a metabolite of dextromethorphan. These compounds may provide a novel therapeutic direction for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as convulsive or parkinsonian-like disorders.
ISSN:1347-8613
1347-8648
DOI:10.1254/jphs.FM0070177