Understanding of Hormonal Regulation in Rice Seed Germination

Seed germination is a critical stage during the life cycle of plants. It is well known that germination is regulated by a series of internal and external factors, especially plant hormones. In Arabidopsis, many germination-related factors have been identified, while in rice, the important crop and m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Life (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-07, Vol.12 (7), p.1021
Main Authors: Gong, Diankai, He, Fei, Liu, Jingyan, Zhang, Cheng, Wang, Yanrong, Tian, Shujun, Sun, Chi, Zhang, Xue
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abscisic acid
Agricultural production
Arabidopsis
Biosynthesis
Cereal crops
Germination
gibberellin
Gibberellins
hormone signaling
Hormones
Kinases
Life cycles
Metabolism
Molecular modelling
Plant hormones
Post-transcription
Proteins
Reactive oxygen species
Regulation
Review
Rice
Seed germination
Seeds
Transcription factors
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Summary:Seed germination is a critical stage during the life cycle of plants. It is well known that germination is regulated by a series of internal and external factors, especially plant hormones. In Arabidopsis, many germination-related factors have been identified, while in rice, the important crop and monocot model species and the further molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks controlling germination still need to be elucidated. Hormonal signals, especially those of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA), play a dominant role in determining whether a seed germinates or not. The balance between the content and sensitivity of these two hormones is the key to the regulation of germination. In this review, we present the foundational knowledge of ABA and GA pathways obtained from germination research in Arabidopsis. Then, we highlight the current advances in the identification of the regulatory genes involved in ABA- or GA-mediated germination in rice. Furthermore, other plant hormones regulate seed germination, most likely by participating in the ABA or GA pathways. Finally, the results from some regulatory layers, including transcription factors, post-transcriptional regulations, and reactive oxygen species, are also discussed. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the complex molecular networks involving the key roles of plant hormones in regulating the seed germination of rice.
ISSN:2075-1729
2075-1729
DOI:10.3390/life12071021