Effect of Separating Air into Primary and Secondary in an Integrated Burner Housing on Biomass Combustion

• Published in: Energies (Basel) 2024-09, Vol.17 (18), p.4648
• Main Authors: Kardaś, Dariusz, Wantuła, Michał, Pieter, Szymon, Kazimierski, Paweł
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air pollution; Air quality management; Alternative energy sources; Biodiesel fuels; Biofuels; Biomass; biomass combustion; Biomass energy; Boilers; buffer zone; Climate change; Combustion; Efficiency; Emission standards; Emissions control; Energy resources; Environmental aspects; Flue gas; Fossil fuels; Optimization; Product development; Raw materials; reduction in CO emissions; Renewable resources; retort burner; secondary air; Wood
• ISSN: 1996-1073; 1996-1073
• DOI: 10.3390/en17184648

Pellet burners, although they are commonly used devices, require high-quality fuels and yet are characterized by relatively high levels of CO and NO emissions and their variability. This article presents a combustion study of an original biomass burner that separates air into primary for biomass gasification and secondary for oxidizing the gasification products, with ducts placed in the housing of the burner. This study introduces a new burner design that separates air into primary and secondary streams within an integrated burner housing, aiming to optimize biomass combustion efficiency and reduce harmful emissions. Two burner designs were proposed, with a high secondary air nozzle (HCrown) and a low secondary air nozzle (LCrown). These two burners were compared with a typical retort burner (Ret). The LCrown burner reduced particulate matter emissions by 36% and CO emissions by 74% with respect to a typical retort burner. This study showed that the distance of the secondary air nozzles from the gasifying part has a significant impact on the operation of the burner and the possibility of reducing emissions of CO and NO. These results highlight the potential of the innovation to significantly improve combustion quality while simultaneously reducing environmental impact.