Optimizing Field Body Fat Percentage Assessment in Professional Soccer Players

Body composition is a determinant of performance in soccer. To estimate the body fat percentage (%BF), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is effective though this method is expensive and not readily accessible. This study examines the validity of widely used field methods based on anthropometric...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences 2022-01, Vol.12 (2), p.727
Main Authors: Martinez-Ferran, Maria, Rafei, Eleh, Romero-Morales, Carlos, Pérez-Ruiz, Margarita, Lam-Meléndez, Alberto, Munguia-Izquierdo, Diego, Pareja-Galeano, Helios
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Anthropometry
bioelectrical impedance
Bioelectricity
Body composition
Body fat
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
dual X-ray absorptiometry
fat mass
Football
Iliac crest
Methods
Physical fitness
Players
skinfolds
Soccer
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Summary:Body composition is a determinant of performance in soccer. To estimate the body fat percentage (%BF), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is effective though this method is expensive and not readily accessible. This study examines the validity of widely used field methods based on anthropometric data and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Participants were 21 male Spanish First Division soccer players aged between 22 and 35 years. In each participant, body fat mass was determined by BIA and using 18 anthropometric equations including skinfold (SKF) measurements. DXA was used as reference. Correlation with DXA measurements was excellent for all equations and separate SKF measurements yet only moderate for BIA. However, only the equation recently developed for use in soccer players based on iliac crest and triceps SKFs showed no significant or standardized differences with DXA-derived %BF and these measurements also had the lowest bias. Our findings suggest that when DXA is not available, the best field method for %BF assessment in footballers is the equation based on iliac crest and triceps SKF. As another good option, we propose the sum of triceps, subscapular, supraspinal, and abdominal SKFs, as this combination also showed good correlation with DXA.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app12020727