Comparison of mortality and outcomes of four respiratory viruses in the intensive care unit: a multicenter retrospective study

• Published in: Scientific reports 2024-03, Vol.14 (1), p.6690-6690, Article 6690
• Main Authors: Grangier, Baptiste, Vacheron, Charles-Hervé, De Marignan, Donatien, Casalegno, Jean-Sebastien, Couray-Targe, Sandrine, Bestion, Audrey, Ader, Florence, Richard, Jean-Christophe, Frobert, Emilie, Argaud, Laurent, Rimmele, Thomas, Lukaszewicz, Anne-Claire, Aubrun, Frédéric, Dailler, Frédéric, Fellahi, Jean-Luc, Bohe, Julien, Piriou, Vincent, Allaouchiche, Bernard, Friggeri, Arnaud, Wallet, Florent
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 692/308/174; 692/308/409; 692/699/1785/3193; 692/699/255; 692/699/255/1578; 692/699/255/2514; Adult; ARDS; CARV; Comorbidity; COVID-19; Emerging diseases; Human health and pathology; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Infectious diseases; Influenza; Influenza A Virus; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Influenza, Human; Intensive care; Intensive Care Units; Life Sciences; Mortality; multidisciplinary; Pulmonology and respiratory tract; Respiratory syncytial virus; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; Retrospective Studies; RSV; Santé publique et épidémiologie; SARS COV 2; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Sepsis; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Statistical analysis; Swine flu
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55378-x

This retrospective study aimed to compare the mortality and burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV group), SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 group), non-H1N1 (Seasonal influenza group) and H1N1 influenza (H1N1 group) in adult patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) with respiratory failure. A total of 807 patients were included. Mortality was compared between the four following groups: RSV, COVID-19, seasonal influenza, and H1N1 groups. Patients in the RSV group had significantly more comorbidities than the other patients. At admission, patients in the COVID-19 group were significantly less severe than the others according to the simplified acute physiology score-2 (SAPS-II) and sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores. Using competing risk regression, COVID-19 (sHR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.10; 2.36) and H1N1 (sHR = 1.87; 95% CI 1.20; 2.93) were associated with a statistically significant higher mortality while seasonal influenza was not (sHR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.65; 1.31), when compared to RSV. Despite occurring in more severe patients, RSV and seasonal influenza group appear to be associated with a more favorable outcome than COVID-19 and H1N1 groups.