Ketogenic Diet Affects Sleep Architecture in C57BL/6J Wild Type and Fragile X Mice

Nearly half of children with fragile X syndrome experience sleep problems including trouble falling asleep and frequent nighttime awakenings. The goals here were to assess sleep-wake cycles in mice in response to genotype and a dietary intervention that reduces hyperactivity. Electroencephalography...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-09, Vol.24 (19), p.14460
Main Authors: Westmark, Pamela R, Gholston, Aaron K, Swietlik, Timothy J, Maganti, Rama K, Westmark, Cara J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anniversaries
Autism
Child
Circadian rhythm
Convulsions & seizures
Developmental disabilities
Diet
Diet, Ketogenic
Disability
Electroencephalography
electroencephalography (EEG)
Eye movements
Fmr1KO
Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein - genetics
fragile X syndrome
Genotype & phenotype
Humans
ketogenic diet
Light
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Knockout
NREM sleep
Sleep
Sleep - physiology
Wakefulness - physiology
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Summary:Nearly half of children with fragile X syndrome experience sleep problems including trouble falling asleep and frequent nighttime awakenings. The goals here were to assess sleep-wake cycles in mice in response to genotype and a dietary intervention that reduces hyperactivity. Electroencephalography (EEG) results were compared with published rest-activity patterns to determine if actigraphy is a viable surrogate for sleep EEG. Specifically, sleep-wake patterns in adult wild type and littermate mice were recorded after EEG electrode implantation and the recordings manually scored for vigilance states. The data indicated that mice exhibited sleep-wake patterns similar to wild type littermates when maintained on a control purified ingredient diet. Treatment with a high-fat, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet increased the percentage of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in both wild type and mice during the dark cycle, which corresponded to decreased activity levels. Treatment with a ketogenic diet flattened diurnal sleep periodicity in both wild type and mice. Differences in several sleep microstructure outcomes (number and length of sleep and wake bouts) supported the altered sleep states in response to a ketogenic diet and were correlated with altered rest-activity cycles. While actigraphy may be a less expensive, reduced labor surrogate for sleep EEG during the dark cycle, daytime resting in mice did not correlate with EEG sleep states.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms241914460