Retinal Organoids and Retinal Prostheses: An Overview

Despite the progress of modern medicine in the last decades, millions of people diagnosed with retinal dystrophies (RDs), such as retinitis pigmentosa, or age-related diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, are suffering from severe visual impairment or even legal blindness. On the one h...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-03, Vol.23 (6), p.2922
Main Authors: Bellapianta, Alessandro, Cetkovic, Ana, Bolz, Matthias, Salti, Ahmad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3D models
Animal models
Animals
Blindness
Congenital diseases
Diabetic retinopathy
Humans
iPSCs
Macular degeneration
Neural prostheses
Organic semiconductors
Organoids
Photoreceptors
photovoltaic polymers
Pluripotency
Prostheses
Prosthetics
Reactive Oxygen Species
Respiratory distress syndrome
Retina
retinal dystrophy
retinal organoids
retinal prosthesis
Retinitis
Retinitis Pigmentosa
Review
Somatic cells
Stem cell transplantation
Stem cells
Vision
Visual Prosthesis
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Despite the progress of modern medicine in the last decades, millions of people diagnosed with retinal dystrophies (RDs), such as retinitis pigmentosa, or age-related diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, are suffering from severe visual impairment or even legal blindness. On the one hand, the reprogramming of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and the progress of three-dimensional (3D) retinal organoids (ROs) technology provide a great opportunity to study, understand, and even treat retinal diseases. On the other hand, research advances in the field of electronic retinal prosthesis using inorganic photovoltaic polymers and the emergence of organic semiconductors represent an encouraging therapeutical strategy to restore vision to patients at the late onset of the disease. This review will provide an overview of the latest advancement in both fields. We first describe the retina and the photoreceptors, briefly mention the most used RD animal models, then focus on the latest RO differentiation protocols, carry out an overview of the current technology on inorganic and organic retinal prostheses to restore vision, and finally summarize the potential utility and applications of ROs.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms23062922