Himatanthus drasticus Leaves: Chemical Characterization and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, Antiproliferative Activities

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2017-05, Vol.22 (6), p.910
• Main Authors: Figueiredo, Cristiane Santos Silva E Silva, Branco Santos, Joice Castelo, Castro Junior, José Artur de Aguiar, Wakui, Vinícius Galvão, Rodrigues, João F S, Arruda, Mariana Oliveira, Monteiro, Andrea de Souza, Monteiro-Neto, Valério, Bomfim, Maria Rosa Quaresma, Kato, Lucília, Nascimento da Silva, Luís Cláudio, Grisotto, Marcos Augusto Grigolin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-Infective Agents - chemistry; Anti-Infective Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial agents; Antiproliferatives; Apocynaceae - chemistry; Biofilms; Biofilms - drug effects; Biofilms - growth & development; Cell Membrane Permeability - drug effects; Cell proliferation; Cell Survival - drug effects; Chemical compounds; Chlorogenic acid; Ciprofloxacin; Ciprofloxacin - pharmacology; Cytotoxicity; Drug Combinations; Drug Synergism; Erythrocytes; Erythrocytes - cytology; Erythrocytes - drug effects; Flavonoids - chemistry; Flavonoids - isolation & purification; Flavonoids - pharmacology; Furans - chemistry; Furans - isolation & purification; Furans - pharmacology; High-performance liquid chromatography; inflammation; Iodides; Iridoids - chemistry; Iridoids - isolation & purification; Iridoids - pharmacology; Klebsiella; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Klebsiella pneumoniae - drug effects; Klebsiella pneumoniae - physiology; Leaves; Leukocytes (mononuclear); Leukocytes, Mononuclear - cytology; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - drug effects; Lipopolysaccharides; Lipopolysaccharides - antagonists & inhibitors; Lipopolysaccharides - pharmacology; Liquid chromatography; Listeria; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeria monocytogenes - drug effects; Listeria monocytogenes - physiology; medicinal plants; Membrane permeability; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Minimum inhibitory concentration; natural products; Organic chemistry; Peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Pharmacology; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Plants; Propidium iodide; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas aeruginosa - drug effects; Pseudomonas aeruginosa - physiology; Quercetin; Rutin; Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Staphylococcus aureus - physiology
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060910

Plant-derived products have played a fundamental role in the development of new therapeutic agents. This study aimed to analyze antimicrobial, antibiofilm, cytotoxicity and antiproliferative potentials of the extract and fractions from leaves of , a plant from the Apocynaceae family. After harvesting, leaves were macerated and a hydroalcoholic extract (HDHE) and fractions were prepared. Antimicrobial tests, such as agar-diffusion, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were carried out against several bacterial species. , and were inhibited by at least one extract or fraction in the agar-diffusion assay (inhibition halos from 12 mm to 30 mm). However, the lowest MIC value was found for HDHE against . In addition, HDHE and its fractions were able to inhibit biofilm formation at sub-inhibitory concentrations (780 µg/mL and 1.56 µg/mL). As the best activities were found for HDHE, we selected it for further assays. HDHE was able to increase ciprofloxacin (CIP) activity against , displaying synergistic (initial concentration CIP + HDHE: 2 µg/mL + 600 µg/mL and 2.5 µg/mL + 500 µg/mL) and additive effects (CIP + HDHE: 3 µg/mL + 400 µg/mL). This action seems to be associated with the alteration in bacterial membrane permeability induced by HDHE (as seen by propidium iodide labeling). This extract was non-toxic for red blood cell or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Additionally, it inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation of PBMCs. The following compounds were detected in HDHE using HPLC-ESI-MS analysis: plumieride, plumericin or isoplumericin, rutin, quercetin and derivatives, and chlorogenic acid. Based on these results we suggest that compounds from have antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against and display low cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative action in PBMC stimulated with lipopolysaccharide.