Isolation and Characterization of Swinepox Virus from Outbreak in Russia

Swinepox virus (SWPV) is the only member of the Suipoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family and is an etiologic agent of a worldwide disease specific for domestic and wild pigs. SWPV outbreaks are sporadically recorded in different regions of Russia. In 2013, an outbreak of the disease causing skin l...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Animals (Basel) 2023-05, Vol.13 (11), p.1786
Main Authors: Koltsov, Andrey, Sukher, Mikhail, Kholod, Natalia, Namsrayn, Sanzhi, Tsybanov, Sodnom, Koltsova, Galina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Animal experimentation
Animals
Cell culture
Diagnosis
Disease
Economic impact
Epidemics
Experimental infection
Genes
Genomes
Hogs
Houses
Infections
Maximum likelihood method
Nucleotides
outbreak
Outbreaks
Pathogenicity
Pathogens
Phylogenetics
Phylogeny
Pork industry
Real time
Russian isolate
Skin
Skin diseases
Skin lesions
Swine
swinepox virus
Testes
Vaccines
Viruses
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Summary:Swinepox virus (SWPV) is the only member of the Suipoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family and is an etiologic agent of a worldwide disease specific for domestic and wild pigs. SWPV outbreaks are sporadically recorded in different regions of Russia. In 2013, an outbreak of the disease causing skin lesions was registered on a pig farm in Russia. The presence of SWPV in the scab samples was assessed by in-house real-time PCR, reference PCR amplification, and nucleotide sequencing of the viral late transcription factor-3 (VLTF-3) gene and was then confirmed by virus isolation. Thus, the in-house real-time PCR proposed in this study could serve as a useful tool for the rapid specific detection of the swinepox virus. In the study, it has been demonstrated for the first time that nasal and oral swabs can be used for PCR diagnosis of the disease and for swinepox virus isolation. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolated virus was closely related to SWPV isolates registered in Germany, USA, and Brazil, and slightly differed from the Indian isolates. During experimental infection of pigs, a low pathogenicity of the Russian isolate was observed. Our data provides the first report on the isolation and characterization of swinepox virus in Russia.
ISSN:2076-2615
2076-2615
DOI:10.3390/ani13111786