Different clinical features of patients with pulmonary disease caused by various Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex subspecies and antimicrobial susceptibility

• Published in: International journal of infectious diseases 2020-09, Vol.98, p.33-40
• Main Authors: Chang, Chia-Ling, Chen, Lun-Che, Yu, Chong-Jen, Hsueh, Po-Ren, Chien, Jung-Yien
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis; Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex; Mycobacterium intracellulare subspecies chimaera; Mycobacterium intracellulare subspecies intracellulare; Pulmonary disease
• ISSN: 1201-9712; 1878-3511
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.019

•Among the 144 patients with Mycobacterium avium pulmonary disease, 57 (39.6%), 37 (25.7%), 37 (25.7%), and 13 (9.0%) were infected with Mycobacterium intracellulare subspecies intracellulare (MIsI), M. avium subspecies hominissuis (MAsH), M. intracellulare subspecies chimaera (MIsC), and others, respectively.•During the 2-year follow-up, 22 (15.3%) patients reported spontaneous culture-negative conversion but 15 (10.4%) developed radiographic progression.•Patients with MAsH-pulmonary disease were younger, had a higher human immunodeficiency virus infection rate and a higher radiographic progression rate.•Among all MAC species, the susceptibility rates to clarithromycin and inhaled amikacin were both 98.6% and MAsH demonstrated the lowest rate of resistance to moxifloxacin. Characteristics of the Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) caused by distinct subspecies remain uncertain. This study was conducted from 2013–2015 in three hospitals in Taiwan. Among the 144 patients with MAC-PD, 57 (39.6%), 37 (25.7%), 37 (25.7%), and 13 (9.0%) were infected with Mycobacterium intracellulare subspecies intracellulare (MIsI), Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis (MAsH), Mycobacterium intracellulare subspecies chimaera (MIsC), and others, respectively. Patients with MAsH-PD were younger (p = 0.010) with higher human immunodeficiency virus infection rates (27.0%, 0.0%, 0.0%, and 7.7% for MAsH-PD, MIsC-PD, MIsI-PD, and others, respectively; p