Association of CNR1 and INSIG2 polymorphisms with antipsychotics-induced weight gain: a prospective nested case–control study

• Published in: Scientific reports 2021-07, Vol.11 (1), p.15304-11, Article 15304
• Main Authors: Jimeno, Natalia, Velasco-Gonzalez, Veronica, Fierro, Inmaculada, Duran, Mercedes, Carvajal, Alfonso
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/208; 692/163; 692/699; 692/700; Adult; Antipsychotic Agents - adverse effects; Antipsychotics; Case-Control Studies; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics; Membrane Proteins - genetics; Middle Aged; multidisciplinary; Olanzapine; Patients; Polymorphism, Genetic; Prospective Studies; Psychotropic drugs; Quetiapine; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 - genetics; Risk Factors; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Weight Gain - drug effects
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94700-9

Weight gain is a frequent and severe adverse reaction in patients taking antipsychotics. The objective was to further investigate in a natural setting influential risk factors associated with clinically significant weight gain. An observational follow-up study was conducted. Patients when initiating treatment with whatever antipsychotic were included; a structured questionnaire was applied at baseline, 3 and 6 months later; a blood sample was obtained. In a nested case–control approach, patients with an increase ≥ 7% of their initial weight were considered as cases, the remaining, as controls. The results showed that, out of 185 patients, 137 completed the 6-month follow-up (cases, 38; controls, 99). Weight gain gradually and significantly increased in cases (baseline, 65.0 kg; 6 months, 74.0 kg) but not in controls (65.6 kg and 65.8 kg, respectively). Age (adjusted OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.96–0.99, p  = 0.004), olanzapine (adjusted OR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.13–7.80, p  = 0.027) and quetiapine (adjusted OR = 0.25, 95% = 0.07–0.92, p  = 0.037) significantly associated with weight gain. An association was also found for the CNR1 (rs1049353) and INSIG2 (rs7566605) polymorphisms. In conclusion, an increased risk of antipsychotics-induced weight gain was observed for younger age and olanzapine, and a relative lower risk for quetiapine. A potential role of CNR1 rs1049353 and INSIG2 rs7566605 polymorphisms is suggested.