Blood Microbial Communities During Pregnancy Are Associated With Preterm Birth

Microbial infection of the placenta, amniotic fluid, vaginal canal, and oral cavity is known to significantly contribute to preterm birth (PTB). Although microbes can be translocated into the blood, little is known regarding the blood microbiota during pregnancy. To assess changes in the microbiome...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in microbiology 2019-06, Vol.10, p.1122-1122
Main Authors: You, Young-Ah, Yoo, Jae Young, Kwon, Eun Jin, Kim, Young Ju
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
16S rRNA gene sequencing
blood microbiota
Microbiology
microbiome
pregnancy
preterm birth
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Summary:Microbial infection of the placenta, amniotic fluid, vaginal canal, and oral cavity is known to significantly contribute to preterm birth (PTB). Although microbes can be translocated into the blood, little is known regarding the blood microbiota during pregnancy. To assess changes in the microbiome during pregnancy, blood samples were obtained 2 or 3 times during pregnancy from a cohort of 45 pregnant women enrolled between 2008 and 2010. To analyze the association with PTB, we conducted a case-control study involving 41 pregnant women upon admission for preterm labor and rupture of membrane (20 with term delivery; 21 with PTB). Bacterial diversity was assessed in number and composition between the first, second, and third trimesters in term delivered women according to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and data were analyzed using Quantitative Insight Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME). Taxonomy was assigned using the GreenGenes 8.15.13 database. Dominant microorganisms at the phylum level in all pregnant women were identified as , , , and . However, the number and composition of bacteria in women with PTB differed from that in women with term delivery. and were more abundant in women with PTB than in women with term delivery, while was less prevalent in women with PTB. At the genus level, , , , , , and were enriched in PTB samples. These observational results suggest that several taxa in the maternal blood microbiome are associated with PTB. Further studies are needed to confirm the composition of the blood microbiota in women with PTB. Additionally, the mechanism by which pathogenic microbes in maternal blood cause infection and PTB requires further analysis.
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2019.01122