Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: current perspectives

Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the most common corneal dystrophy and frequently results in vision loss. Hallmarks of the disease include loss of corneal endothelial cells and formation of excrescences of Descemet's membrane. Later stages involve all layers of the cornea. Impairme...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) N.Z.), 2016-01, Vol.10 (Issue 1), p.321-330
Main Authors: Vedana, Gustavo, Villarreal, Jr, Guadalupe, Jun, Albert S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Automation
Cell death
Collagen
Cornea
corneal endothelial cell
corneal transplantation
Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK)
Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK)
Edema
endothelial keratoplasty
Endothelium
Extracellular matrix
Fibroblasts
Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD)
Genetic aspects
Kinases
Microscopy
Morphology
Proteins
Review
Transcription (Genetics)
Transplants & implants
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Summary:Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the most common corneal dystrophy and frequently results in vision loss. Hallmarks of the disease include loss of corneal endothelial cells and formation of excrescences of Descemet's membrane. Later stages involve all layers of the cornea. Impairment of endothelial barrier and pump function and cell death from oxidative and unfolded protein stress contribute to disease progression. The genetic basis of FECD includes numerous genes and chromosomal loci, although alterations in the transcription factor 4 gene are associated with the majority of cases. Definitive treatment of FECD is corneal transplantation. In this paper, we highlight advances that have been made in understanding FECD's clinical features, pathophysiology, and genetics. We also discuss recent advances in endothelial keratoplasty and potential future treatments.
ISSN:1177-5467
1177-5483
1177-5483
DOI:10.2147/OPTH.S83467