Plastid translation is essential for lateral root stem cell patterning in Arabidopsis thaliana

The plastid evolved from a symbiotic cyanobacterial ancestor and is an essential organelle for plant life, but its developmental roles in roots have been largely overlooked. Here, we show that plastid translation is connected to the stem cell patterning in lateral root primordia. The gene encodes a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biology open 2018, Vol.7 (2), p.bio028175-bio028175
Main Authors: Nakata, Miyuki T, Sato, Mayuko, Wakazaki, Mayumi, Sato, Nozomi, Kojima, Koji, Sekine, Akihiko, Nakamura, Shiori, Shikanai, Toshiharu, Toyooka, Kiminori, Tsukaya, Hirokazu, Horiguchi, Gorou
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Gene expression
Kinases
Lateral root
Low concentrations
Mutants
Mutation
Pattern formation
Pharmacology
Phenotypes
Photosynthesis
Plastid
Primordia
Proteins
Regulators
RFC3
Ribosomal protein S6
Ribosome
Roots
Spectinomycin
Stem cell
Stem cells
Translation
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Summary:The plastid evolved from a symbiotic cyanobacterial ancestor and is an essential organelle for plant life, but its developmental roles in roots have been largely overlooked. Here, we show that plastid translation is connected to the stem cell patterning in lateral root primordia. The gene encodes a plastid-localized protein that is a conserved bacterial ribosomal protein S6 of β/γ proteobacterial origin. The mutant developed lateral roots with disrupted stem cell patterning and associated with decreased leaf photosynthetic activity, reduced accumulation of plastid rRNAs in roots, altered root plastid gene expression, and changes in expression of several root stem cell regulators. These results suggest that deficiencies in plastid function affect lateral root stem cells. Treatment with the plastid translation inhibitor spectinomycin phenocopied the defective stem cell patterning in lateral roots and altered plastid gene expression observed in the mutant. Additionally, when defective in a plastid ribosomal protein was treated with low concentrations of spectinomycin, it also phenocopied the lateral root phenotypes of The spectinomycin treatment and mutation also negatively affected symplasmic connectivity between primary root and lateral root primordia. This study highlights previously unrecognized functions of plastid translation in the stem cell patterning in lateral roots.
ISSN:2046-6390
2046-6390
DOI:10.1242/bio.028175