T Regulatory and T Helper 17 Cells in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Facts and Perspectives

Historically, primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) was thought to be a T helper (h) 1 driven disease due to the predominance of CD4+T lymphocytes and their products in target organs and peripheral blood of patients. In the last decades, the identification of a number of T cell subsets, including Th17, T...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mediators of Inflammation 2015-01, Vol.2015 (2015), p.844-853-076
Main Authors: Gerli, Roberto, Giacomelli, Roberto, Cannarile, Francesca, Mirabelli, Giulia, Bartoloni, Elena, Caterbi, Sara, Bistoni, Onelia, Carubbi, Francesco, Alunno, Alessia, Cipriani, Paola
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Autoimmune diseases
Humans
Inflammation
Interleukin-22
Interleukin-23 - metabolism
Interleukin-6 - metabolism
Interleukins - metabolism
Lymphocytes
Physiological aspects
Review
Sjogren's syndrome
Sjogren's Syndrome - immunology
Sjogren's Syndrome - metabolism
Studies
T cell receptors
T cells
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - metabolism
Th17 Cells - metabolism
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Summary:Historically, primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) was thought to be a T helper (h) 1 driven disease due to the predominance of CD4+T lymphocytes and their products in target organs and peripheral blood of patients. In the last decades, the identification of a number of T cell subsets, including Th17, T regulatory (Treg), and follicular helper T cells, challenged this long-standing paradigm and prompted to identify their role in pSS pathogenesis. In addition the impact of abnormal proinflammatory cytokine production, such as IL-6, IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23, has also attracted considerable attention. However, although several studies have been carried out in experimental models and patients with pSS, many aspects concerning the role of Treg cells and IL-17/Th17 cell system in pSS pathogenesis are not fully elucidated. In particular, the role played by different IL-17-producing T cell subsets as well as the effects of pharmacological therapies on Treg/Th17 cell balance represents an intriguing issue. The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of current knowledge on Treg cells and IL-17-producing T cells in pSS pathogenesis. We believe that these insights into pSS pathogenesis may provide the basis for successful therapeutic intervention in this disease.
ISSN:0962-9351
1466-1861
DOI:10.1155/2015/243723