The Effect of Nutrition on Aging-A Systematic Review Focusing on Aging-Related Biomarkers

Despite the increasing life expectancy, an individual's later years tends to be accompanied by a decrease in the quality of life. Though biological changes that occur through the natural process of aging cannot be controlled, the risk factors associated with lifestyle can. Thus, the main goal o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2022-01, Vol.14 (3), p.554
Main Authors: Leitão, Catarina, Mignano, Anna, Estrela, Marta, Fardilha, Margarida, Figueiras, Adolfo, Roque, Fátima, Herdeiro, Maria Teresa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Aging (natural)
Animals
Antioxidants
Biological activity
Biomarkers
Carbohydrates
cardiovascular disease risk
Cardiovascular diseases
Cereals
Chronic illnesses
Cognitive ability
Diet
Evaluation
Health risks
healthy aging
Inflammation
Life expectancy
Life span
Longevity
Low carbohydrate diet
Metabolism
Nutrient deficiency
Nutrition
Nutrition research
Nutritional Status
Nuts
Physiology
Population
Potassium
Quality assessment
Quality of Life
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Risk management
Senescence
Systematic Review
Telomeres
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Summary:Despite the increasing life expectancy, an individual's later years tends to be accompanied by a decrease in the quality of life. Though biological changes that occur through the natural process of aging cannot be controlled, the risk factors associated with lifestyle can. Thus, the main goal of this systematic review was to evaluate how nutrition can modulate aging. For this purpose, thirty-six studies were selected on (i) the efficiency of nutrition's effect on aging, (ii) the evaluation of biomarkers that promote healthy aging, and (iii) how to increase longevity through nutrition, and their quality was assessed. The results showed that choosing low carbohydrate diets or diets rich in vegetables, fruits, nuts, cereals, fish, and unsaturated fats, containing antioxidants, potassium, and omega-3 decreased cardiovascular diseases and obesity risk, protected the brain from aging, reduced the risk of telomere shortening, and promoted an overall healthier life. With this study, the conclusion is that since the biological processes of aging cannot be controlled, changing one's nutritional patterns is crucial to prevent the emergence and development of diseases, boost longevity, and, mostly, to enhance one's quality of life and promote healthy aging.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu14030554