Novel Plant Breeding Techniques Shake Hands with Cereals to Increase Production

Cereals are the main source of human food on our planet. The ever-increasing food demand, continuously changing environment, and diseases of cereal crops have made adequate production a challenging task for feeding the ever-increasing population. Plant breeders are striving their hardest to increase...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2022-04, Vol.11 (8), p.1052
Main Authors: Haroon, Muhammad, Wang, Xiukang, Afzal, Rabail, Zafar, Muhammad Mubashar, Idrees, Fahad, Batool, Maria, Khan, Abdul Saboor, Imran, Muhammad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Bacteria
base editing
Breeding methods
Cereal crops
Cereals
Changing environments
CRISPR
CRISPR Cas
Crop diseases
Crops
Cross-pollination
Editing
Environmental changes
Epigenetics
Food
Food sources
Genes
Genetic diversity
Genetically altered foods
Genome editing
Genomes
Genomics
molecular breeding
Mutation
Plant breeding
Population growth
prime editing
Proteins
Review
Technological change
Viral infections
Wheat
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Summary:Cereals are the main source of human food on our planet. The ever-increasing food demand, continuously changing environment, and diseases of cereal crops have made adequate production a challenging task for feeding the ever-increasing population. Plant breeders are striving their hardest to increase production by manipulating conventional breeding methods based on the biology of plants, either self-pollinating or cross-pollinating. However, traditional approaches take a decade, space, and inputs in order to make crosses and release improved varieties. Recent advancements in genome editing tools (GETs) have increased the possibility of precise and rapid genome editing. New GETs such as CRISPR/Cas9, CRISPR/Cpf1, prime editing, base editing, dCas9 epigenetic modification, and several other transgene-free genome editing approaches are available to fill the lacuna of selection cycles and limited genetic diversity. Over the last few years, these technologies have led to revolutionary developments and researchers have quickly attained remarkable achievements. However, GETs are associated with various bottlenecks that prevent the scaling development of new varieties that can be dealt with by integrating the GETs with the improved conventional breeding methods such as speed breeding, which would take plant breeding to the next level. In this review, we have summarized all these traditional, molecular, and integrated approaches to speed up the breeding procedure of cereals.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants11081052