Obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: current perspectives

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming the most common cause of chronic liver disease due to an increase in the prevalence of obesity. The development of NASH leads to an increase in morbidity and mortality. While the first line of treatment is lifestyle modifications, includin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity metabolic syndrome and obesity, 2018-01, Vol.11, p.533-542
Main Authors: Sarwar, Raiya, Pierce, Nicholas, Koppe, Sean
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
antifibrotics
Biopsy
Care and treatment
Clinical trials
Diabetes
Diet
Drug development
Exercise
Fatty liver
FDA approval
Fibrosis
Health aspects
Hepatology
Histology
Inflammation
Insulin
Lifestyles
Liver diseases
Metabolic disorders
Morbidity
Mortality
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
Obesity
pharmacotherapy
Physical fitness
Review
Risk factors
Thyroid gland
Type 2 diabetes
Weight control
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Summary:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming the most common cause of chronic liver disease due to an increase in the prevalence of obesity. The development of NASH leads to an increase in morbidity and mortality. While the first line of treatment is lifestyle modifications, including dietary changes and increased physical activity, there are no approved pharmacological treatment agents for NAFLD and NASH currently. Due to its complex pathophysiology, different pathways are under investigation for drug development with the focus on metabolic pathways, inflammation, and slowing or reversing fibrosis. There are several agents advancing in clinical trials, and promising results have been seen with drugs that affect hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. This review will provide an overview on NAFLD and some of the mechanisms of disease that are being targeted with pharmacologic agents.
ISSN:1178-7007
1178-7007
DOI:10.2147/DMSO.S146339