Treatment Options for Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a causative agent for several types of lymphomas and mucosal cancers, is a human lymphotropic herpesvirus with the capacity to establish lifelong latent infection. More than 90% of the human population worldwide is infected. The primary infection is usually asymptomatic in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Infection and drug resistance 2023-01, Vol.16, p.4599-4620
Main Authors: Andersen, Oluf, Ernberg, Ingemar, Hedström, Anna Karin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
B cells
Care and treatment
Central nervous system
central nervous system disease
Encephalitis
Epstein-Barr virus
infectious mononucleosis
Lymphomas
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Multiple sclerosis
Nervous system diseases
Neurologi
Neurology
Review
treatment
vaccination
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Summary:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a causative agent for several types of lymphomas and mucosal cancers, is a human lymphotropic herpesvirus with the capacity to establish lifelong latent infection. More than 90% of the human population worldwide is infected. The primary infection is usually asymptomatic in childhood, whereas infectious mononucleosis (IM) is common when the infection occurs in adolescence. Primary EBV infection, with or without IM, or reactivation of latent infection in immunocompromised individuals have been associated with a wide range of neurologic conditions, such as encephalitis, meningitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and cerebellitis. EBV is also involved in malignant lymphomas in the brain. An increasing number of reports on EBV-related disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) including the convincing association with multiple sclerosis (MS) have put in focus EBV-related conditions beyond its established link to malignancies. In this review, we present the clinical manifestations of EBV-related CNS-disorders, put them in the context of known EBV biology and focus on available treatment options and future therapeutic approaches.
ISSN:1178-6973
1178-6973
DOI:10.2147/IDR.S375624