Silk sericin alleviates aberrant photoperiod-induced alterations in testicular and adrenal steroidogenesis in adult mice

• Published in: Reproductive biology and endocrinology 2022-11, Vol.20 (1), p.1-158, Article 158
• Main Authors: Hassan, Eman, Magdy, Shahinaz, Attaallah, Amany, Gaber, Eman, Mansour, Omnia, Gomaa, Rehab A, Odessy, Hala, Augustyniak, Maria, El-Samad, Lamia M, El Wakil, Abeer
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adrenal cortex; Adrenal gland; Adrenal gland diseases; Adrenal glands; Aldosterone; Amino acids; Animals; Antioxidants; Aromatase; Biological clocks; Body weight; Care and treatment; Cholesterol; Climate change; Corticosterone; Diagnosis; Environmental stressor; Experiments; Health aspects; Laboratories; Light; Males; Melatonin; Ovaries; Oxidative stress; Photoperiodism; Placebos; Puberty; Risk factors; Sex hormones; Silk; Sperm; Steroidogenesis; Steroids; Testes; Testis; Testosterone; Xanthine oxidase
• ISSN: 1477-7827; 1477-7827
• DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-01032-y

Background Steroidogenesis is a complex process of sequential enzymatic reactions affected by climate change. Animals respond to altered day length, the so-called photoperiod, with changes in physiology. The study aimed to an evaluation of sericin effect in alleviating steroidogenesis disorders induced by disturbed photoperiod in mice. Methods The animals were randomly divided into three groups according to the lighting cycle: a control group with a standard 12.sub.Light:12.sub.Dark cycle, a short-term photoperiod group with a 6.sub.Light:18.sub.Dark cycle, and a long-term photoperiod group with an 18.sub.Light:6.sub.Dark cycle. Both short and long-term groups were subdivided into two equal subgroups: The placebo and the sericin-treated subgroups received, for five weeks from prepubertal throughout adulthood, one intraperitoneal injection per week of the solvent and 1 g sericin/kg body weight, respectively. Results Selected oxidative stress parameters and testicular and adrenal steroidogenic capacities of adult mice were measured. After five weeks, the placebo group with impaired photoperiod showed a decrease in the quality and quantity of sperm and a reduction in testosterone, corticosterone, aldosterone, total antioxidant capacity, xanthine oxidase, and melatonin. At the same time, in these groups, there was an increase in the level of aromatase, malondialdehyde, cholesterol, and steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) expression in the adrenal cortex and an enhancement in histological lesions. Mice receiving sericin had parameters similar to the control group. Conclusion Our findings reveal that silk sericin can reduce the stress caused by photoperiod disorders regarding testicular function, sex hormone levels, and sperm quantity and quality. Thus, sericin is a biocompatible protein with a promising potential for its use in the case of organisms living under an abnormal photoperiod. Keywords: Photoperiodism, Environmental stressor, Steroidogenesis, Adrenal gland, Testis