Assessing urbanization dynamics using a pixel-based nighttime light indicator

•Urbanization dynamics in Puglia, Italy were analyzed using pixel-based NTL data.•Annual changes were examined in winter and summer at regional and provincial scales.•Spatial metrics were used to explain the intensity of NTL.•NNLI was created to monitor seasonal differences and to predict tourist tr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecological indicators 2024-09, Vol.166, p.112486, Article 112486
Main Authors: Pambuku, Arsid, Elia, Mario, Gardelli, Alessandro, Giannico, Vincenzo, Sanesi, Giovanni, Stefania Bergantino, Angela, Intini, Mario, Lafortezza, Raffaele
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Coastal proximity
Nighttime light
Territorial sustainability
Tourism
Urbanization
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Summary:•Urbanization dynamics in Puglia, Italy were analyzed using pixel-based NTL data.•Annual changes were examined in winter and summer at regional and provincial scales.•Spatial metrics were used to explain the intensity of NTL.•NNLI was created to monitor seasonal differences and to predict tourist traffic. Nighttime light (NTL) is a reliable indicator for measuring urban development, population density, and economic activities. This study sets out to explain the spatio-temporal pattern of urbanization and population distribution using pixel-based NTL data. Changes in NTL intensity in Puglia (Italy) were evaluated from 2014 to 2023, and how NTL is affected by various spatial metrics was investigated. Summer–winter differences at the pixel level were monitored utilizing the Normalized Nighttime Light Index (NNLI), and the relationship between this indicator and tourism was assessed. A consistent increase in NTL across the region in both summer and winter was measured, with variations among provinces. Urban areas with high population density showed greater NTL values, while inland areas showed low NTL intensity. The study also revealed that proximity to urban areas was the most influential factor in predicting NTL intensity. The analysis revealed that differences between summer and winter correlated with tourist activity, especially in coastal municipalities. Leveraging NTL images can support decision-making across various sectors and aid in developing evidence-based urban strategies tailored to local needs and challenges.
ISSN:1470-160X
DOI:10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112486