Visceral leishmaniasis and land use and cover in the Carajas integration region, Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Human visceral leishmaniasis is a major public health problem in the Amazon. Thus, we analyzed the spatial distribution of this disease and its relationship with epidemiological, socioeconomic, and environmental variables in the Carajas Integration Region, Para state, from 2011 to 2020. Epidemiologi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Tropical medicine and infectious disease 2022-10, Vol.7 (10), p.1-14
Main Authors: do Socorro Carvalho Miranda, Claudia, Costa de Souza, Bruna, Carvalho Garcia Miranda Filgueiras, Tainara, de Sousa, Alder Mourão, Cibelle da Silva Peixoto, Maira, Carvalho Garcia Miranda Filgueiras, Tainã, Carvalho Miranda, Frederico José, Luiz Althoff, Sérgio, Gladson Corrêa Carvalho, Raimundo, Veiga Gonçalves, Nelson
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Deforestation
Education
environment
Epidemiology
Evolution
Geotechnology
Global positioning systems
GPS
Information systems
Kala-azar
Land use
Mosquitoes as carriers of disease
Parasitic diseases
Parasitology
Social aspects
Software
spatial analysis
Urban areas
vector-borne diseases
visceral leishmaniasis
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Summary:Human visceral leishmaniasis is a major public health problem in the Amazon. Thus, we analyzed the spatial distribution of this disease and its relationship with epidemiological, socioeconomic, and environmental variables in the Carajas Integration Region, Para state, from 2011 to 2020. Epidemiological data for this ecological study were obtained from the State Public Health Secretariat, environmental data were obtained from the National Space Research Institute, and socioeconomic data were obtained from the Brazilian Geography and Statistics Institute. ArcGIS 10.5.1 software was used for classifying land use and cover and for the Kernel and Moran spatial analyses. It was observed in 685 confirmed cases that the epidemiological profile followed the national pattern of the disease occurrence, with a high prevalence in children who were not school-aged. The disease had a non-homogeneous distribution with clusters related to different human activities, such as urbanization, ranching, and mining. A spatial dependence between the disease prevalence and socioeconomic indicators was observed. The municipalities presented gradients of case densities associated with a direct relationship between areas with cases and deforestation. The disease is developing due to risk factors such as establishment and maintenance related to the non-sustainable development model implemented in the region, pointing to the need for its revision.
ISSN:2414-6366
2414-6366
DOI:10.3390/tropicalmed7100255